Review and Evaluation of the Effects of Xenobiotic Chemicals on Microorganisms in Soil

Hicks, Ronald J.; Stotzky, G.; Voris, P. Van

doi:10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70245-4

Cited by 59 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…It infl uences the sorptive behaviour of pesticide molecule on clay and organic surfaces and thus, the chemical speciation, mobility and bioavailability [29]. For instance, the sorprtion of prometryn to clay montmorillonite is more at pH 3 than at pH 7 [19] .…”

Section: Soil Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition of organic materials to fl ooded soils enhanced the bacterial degradation of some organochlorine insecticides such as BHC, DDT, methoxychlor and heptachlor [34]. Microbial degradation of linuron in nonsterilized soils was stimulated by organic matter amendment [29]. A certain minimum level of organic matter (probably greater than 1.0%) is essential to ensure the presence of an active autochthonous (the indigenous fl ora and fauna of a region) microbial population that can degrade pesticides [25].…”

Section: Soil Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of pesticides on soil microbiological parameters and possible bioremediation strategies

et al. 2008

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Section: Soil Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Soil Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of pesticides on soil microbiological parameters and possible bioremediation strategies

et al. 2008

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“…One sample was collected from the non-vegetated area (area 1), the second sample (ca. 9 m from the ¢rst) was at the edge of the vegetated area (area 4) and the third sample was 6 m further into the vegetated area from the second (area 6) [22], and two additional samples were collected from the vegetated area. Soil was collected, placed in plastic bags, stored in coolers and frozen at 320³C.…”

Section: Field Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in denitrification activity in field soils exposed to long term contamination by 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)

Siciliano

2000

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Terrestrial sites contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) are a widespread and persistent problem and often contain non-vegetated areas with TNT concentrations well in excess of 1000 mg kg 31 . In this study, we examined the effect of TNT on denitrification activity in field soils, and compared the sensitivity of denitrifying enzymes to TNT. DNA probes assessed the prevalence of nirS, nirK and nosZ (encoding cd 1 or copper nitrite reductase and nitrous oxide reductase, respectively), denitrifying genotypes in the culturable and total microbial community. The nitrate (NaR), nitrite (NiR) and nitrous oxide (N 2 OR) reductase activities in field soil and in isolates were assessed by gas chromatography. The relative occurrence of the nirK, nirS or nosZ genotypes increased in the cultured community and in total uncultured community DNA as nitroaromatic concentrations increased. However, denitrifying activity decreased in response to increasing TNT concentrations, with an IC 50 for NaR+NiR+nitric oxide reductase (NOR) of 400 mg TNT kg 31 soil and for N 2 OR of 26 mg TNT kg 31 soil. The denitrifying activity of four soil isolates also decreased in response to TNT, with N 2 OR activity being three times more sensitive to TNT than NaR+NiR+NOR activity. Interestingly, there were 118 times more nirK isolates than nirS isolates in uncontaminated soil but only 1.5 times more in soil containing 17 400 mg kg 31 TNT. The results from this study indicated that TNT reduced denitrification activity in field soils, and N 2 OR was much more sensitive to TNT than NaR+NiR+NOR.

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“…On this context, numerous studies exist about the direct and indirect effects of pesticides, herbicides and other xenobiotics on soil microbial communities and activities (Ladd and Paul 1973;Hicks et al 1990;Pozo et al 1995;Martí-nez-Toledo et al 1996;Dick et al 1996;Sannino and Gianfreda 2001;Pozo et al 2003), as well as on aquatic communities (Fleeger et al 2003), but no studies have been reported about the effects of these substances on aquatic phosphatase activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pesticides and herbicides presence on phosphatase activity and selected bacterial microbiota of a natural lake system

et al. 2006

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Phosphatase activities (cell-bounded phosphatases ''BP'' and freely dissolved phosphatases ''DP'') in water samples from a natural lake ''Laguna Grande'' (Antequera, Má laga, Spain) amended with 50 lg/ml of selected insecticides, herbicides and fungicide captan were studied under laboratory controlled conditions (temperature and agitation). Our data show that dissolved alkaline phosphatase was the enzymatic activity that contributed in higher proportion to total lake water samples phosphatase status. The presence of organochlorinated insecticides (aldrin and lindane), organophosphorous insecticides (dimetoate, methidation and methyl-parathion), herbicide atrazine and fungicide captan significantly increased phosphatase activities after 28 days of incubation. However, these activities were not affected as a consequence of the addition of the herbicide simazine to the water samples. Heterotrophic mesophilic and psychrophilic aquatic bacteria counts as well as culturable phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, increased when the pesticides were added to lake water samples with herbicide simazine exception.

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Review and Evaluation of the Effects of Xenobiotic Chemicals on Microorganisms in Soil

Cited by 59 publications

References 75 publications

Impact of pesticides on soil microbiological parameters and possible bioremediation strategies

Impact of pesticides on soil microbiological parameters and possible bioremediation strategies

Reduction in denitrification activity in field soils exposed to long term contamination by 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)

Influence of pesticides and herbicides presence on phosphatase activity and selected bacterial microbiota of a natural lake system

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