Review and a Methodology to Investigate the Effects of Monolithic Channel Geometry

Depcik, Christopher; Hausmann, Austin

doi:10.1115/1.4007848

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The development of particulate filters is constrained by the need of high filtration efficiency, so that standards in mass and number of emitted particles are fulfilled, together with a reasonable pressure drop. A good trade-off between these two aspects must be complemented with suitable characteristics of the substrate making possible safe and reliable regeneration as well as providing good thermal and mechanical responses [4]. These characteristics define the filter capability to abate particulate matter emissions, its influence on engine performance and the life cycle and maintenance requirements of the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and computational approach to the transient behaviour of wall-flow diesel particulate filters

Torregrosa

Serrano

Piqueras

et al. 2017

Energy

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The implementation of tight vehicle emission standards has forced manufactures to use aftertreatment systems extensively. In addition to pollutant emissions abatement, these devices have a noticeable impact on the wave pattern. This fact affects the muffler design criteria. All monolithic aftertreatment devices produces a damping effect because of the honeycomb structure and the narrow channels. However, this response is more marked in wall-flow diesel particulate filters (DPF) because of the alternatively plugged ends and the dissipative properties of the porous substrate. The main goal of this paper is to assess the transient fluid-dynamic behaviour of wall-flow DPFs using experimental and modelling techniques. The experimental data were gathered in clean and loaded conditions. The DPF was subjected to a variety of pressure excitations to characterise its transient behaviour in the time and frequency domains. Afterwards, the DPF response was evaluated under engine-like operating conditions in an unsteady flow gas stand. Once the main characteristics of the response were known, a non-linear gas-dynamics model was proposed for analysis and prediction. The model accounts for space and time gradients, combining the thermo-and fluid-dynamic solution with a model based on a packed bed of spherical particles that defines the meso-structure of the loaded substrate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and computational approach to the transient behaviour of wall-flow diesel particulate filters

Torregrosa

Serrano

Piqueras

et al. 2017

Energy

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“…The effect on pressure drop was discussed by Konstandopoulos et al, who computed the optimum cell size to minimise the DPF pressure drop in clean (Konstandopoulos et al (1999)) and soot loaded monoliths (Konstandopoulos & Kladopoulou (2004)) keeping constant the porous wall thickness. However, thermal (Lee et al (2009)) and mechanical (Depcik & Hausmann (2013)) performance must be also taken into account. Thus, Serrano et al (2014a) obtained an expression to determine the optimum cellular geometry, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the impact of DPF downsizing and cellular geometry on filtration efficiency in pre- and post-turbine placement

Serrano

Bermúdez

Angiolini

2017

Journal of Aerosol Science

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The use of aftertreatment systems in reciprocating internal combustion engines is currently mandatory in order to comply worldwide with emission standards. Among these systems, the wall-flow diesel particulate filter (DPF) is in charge of the particulate matter removal. The DPF is conventionally placed downstream of the turbine. However, its placement upstream of the turbine is growing in interest because of the benefits in specific fuel consumption, passive regeneration and aptitude to downsizing. In the current work an in-house 1D wall-flow DPF model is applied to evaluate the effect of the DPF downsizing on filtration efficiency. Both pre-and post-turbine placement are considered in presence of clean and soot loaded substrates. Volume reduction is approached considering diameter and length variation. In parallel, the cell density is also varied modifying the meso-geometry, i.e. cell size and porous wall thickness, imposing constant thermal integrity factor. The sensitivity to this last parameter is also analysed being its influence of second order in comparison to volume and cellular geometry effects. The lower Peclet number in the pre-turbine placement leads to higher filtration efficiency than post-turbine location comparing at the same DPF volume. Diameter based volume reduction provides slightly better results in filtration efficiency because of the way the filtration velocity field is varied. This general behaviour involves additional advantages to the potential for volume reduction of pre-turbine DPFs. Thus, different strategies with boundaries defined by volume reduction at constant filtration area or at constant specific filtration area can be approached looking for the best balance between fuel economy reduction and filtration efficiency increase with pre-turbine DPF placement.

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“…These characteristics are usually assessed by means of a series of cell unit geometric parameters [19] that can be defined for several cell cross-section geometries [20]. These parameters are widely applied to the pre-design of through-flow monolith for catalytic applications [21]. In this paper the main cell unit geometric parameters are adapted to the specific wall-flow monolithic structure with square channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MIF is defining the load carrying limit of a cell unit, which is given by the diagonal of the cell [19]. From its value it is possible to obtain the load carrying capability accounting for the tensile strength of the wall (σ w ), which is constant if the porosity wall is not modified [21], as assumed in this study:…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of fluid-dynamic guidelines in diesel particulate filter sizing for fuel consumption reduction in post-turbo and pre-turbo placement

2014

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ElsevierSerrano Cruz, JR.; Climent Puchades, H.; Piqueras Cabrera, P.; Angiolini, E. (2014). Analysis of fluid-dynamic guidelines in diesel particulate filter sizing for fuel consumption reduction in post-turbo and pre-turbo placement. Applied Energy. 132:507-523. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.07.043.Analysis of fluid-dynamic guidelines in diesel particulate filter sizing for fuel consumption reduction in post-turbo and pre-turbo placement AbstractWall-flow particulate filters are in the present days a standard aftertreatment system widely used in diesel engines to reduce particle emissions and meet emission regulations. This paper deals with the analysis of the macro-and meso-geometry definition of the DPF monoliths from a fluid-dynamic modelling approach. Focus is driven to the analysis of the influence on pressure drop and hence on engine fuel economy.The influence of the DPF volume on the engine performance is analysed with a gas dynamic software including both post-turbo and pre-turbo placement under clean and soot loading conditions. A swept in cell density is also considered for different thermal integrity factors. This approach allows analysing the trends in pressure drop and cell unit geometric parameters defining the monolith thermal and mechanical performance. A discussion considering constant specific filtration area and constant filtration area is performed providing a comprehensive understanding of the DPF and engine response as volume and cellular geometry are changed. Results are leading to rigorously justify known but usually empirical guidelines for DPF design in post-turbo applications. A discussion on the potential for monolith volume reduction in pre-turbo applications with respect to the post-turbo baseline is addressed. This is based on the very low sensitivity of fuel consumption and pressure drop both to volume reduction and soot and ash loading with pre-turbo DPF configuration.

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Review and a Methodology to Investigate the Effects of Monolithic Channel Geometry

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Experimental and computational approach to the transient behaviour of wall-flow diesel particulate filters

Experimental and computational approach to the transient behaviour of wall-flow diesel particulate filters

On the impact of DPF downsizing and cellular geometry on filtration efficiency in pre- and post-turbine placement

Analysis of fluid-dynamic guidelines in diesel particulate filter sizing for fuel consumption reduction in post-turbo and pre-turbo placement

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