Reversing tumor to “Hot”: A NIR light-triggered carrier-free nanoplatform for enhanced tumor penetration and photo-induced immunotherapy

Endoplasmic reticulum-targeted NIR-II phototherapy combined with inflammatory vascular suppression elicits a synergistic effect against TNBC

“…The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment can be remodeled by PDT and PTT by dramatically inducing ICD in tumors, thus transforming them from “cold” tumors to “hot” tumors according to numerous studies. 46,57,58 The two primary typical phenomena of ICD in cancer are CRT exposure and HSP70 upregulation, which may be exploited for synergistic immunity. Considering that ER stress is a major driver of ICD, we first investigated how this stress affects the membrane expression of CRT in the 4T1 tumor model.…”

Nanoplatforms Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) for Biomedical Applications

“…130 However, the limited penetration depth in tissues hinders its clinical application. 131 Fortunately, TPAinduced PDT has excellent tumor-killing ability and immune response in deep tumor tissues. 132 Deng, Sun, and co-workers reported a serrated packing COF (COF-606) with excellent TPA and photostability.…”

“…PDT can induce an acute inflammatory response to alter the TME and improve the efficiency of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) . However, the limited penetration depth in tissues hinders its clinical application . Fortunately, TPA-induced PDT has excellent tumor-killing ability and immune response in deep tumor tissues .…”

Ruthenium-based antitumor drugs and delivery systems from monotherapy to combination therapy

“…Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a type of cell death induced by various therapies that can trigger both innate and adaptive immune responses. 306,307 ICD is characterized by the coordinated expression of various damage-related molecular patterns (DAMP), such as the translocation of calreticulin (CRT) on dying cancer cell membranes, subsequent adenosine triphosphate (ATP) secretion, and the production of high-mobility frame-1 (HMGB1). These DAMPs enhance antigen presentation in dendritic cells (DCs) and subsequently activate infiltrating T cells in the tumor immune microenvironment.…”