Using green and economical H2O as a solvent and H2O2 as an oxidant,
the catalytic degradation of
the 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) simulant for sulfur mustard
was studied by using four kinds of isostructural heteronode nano-polyoxometalate
clusters {Mo72M30} (M = V, Cr, Fe, and Mo) under
different reaction conditions. The experimental results showed that
by controlling the molar ratio of H2O2 and CEES,
CEES was converted into the corresponding nontoxic 2-chloroethyl ethyl
sulfoxide by selective oxidation. All other degradation conditions
being equal, the catalytic degradation processes of CEES all conformed
to first-order reaction kinetics, and the kinetic constant of the
reactions was 0.56, 0.53, 0.47, and 0.44 min–1,
respectively. That is, the activities of the four catalysts {Mo72M30} (M = V, Cr, Fe, and Mo) for the degradation
of CEES were in the order of V > Cr > Fe > Mo. After 5 min
of the
reaction, the degradation rates of {Mo72M30}
(M = V, Cr, Fe, and Mo) were 97.01, 90.56, 90.26, and 90.56%, respectively.
After five cycles, their conversion rates were found to be slightly
decreased, being 93.41, 90.50, 90.13, and 89.70%, respectively, and
the selectivity of the four catalysts remained above 99%.