1997
DOI: 10.1021/ja963848p
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Reversible Protonation of Isobutane in Liquid Superacids in Competition with Protolytic Ionization

Abstract: The deuterium distribution observed in isobutane recovered after short contact times with the DF−SbF5 superacid at 0 °C shows that a very fast reversible protonation of all C−H bonds occurs before ionization of the alkane, in accord with the Olah σ-basicity concept. Comparison of the amounts of hydrogen with the amount of tert-butyl ions generated during ionization shows that the reaction is purely protolytic in HF containing up to 20 mol % SbF5, but becomes oxidative at higher concentrations.

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Cited by 67 publications
(72 citation statements)
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“…According to use of both GC-MS analysis and NMR spectroscopy) provided insight into the reaction mechanism. [17] The next point concerning the mechanism of alkane transformation on solid acid catalysts that should be addressed, the nature of the initial intermediate formed from alkane activation, is still under discussion, [8,18] despite the general agreement on the carbenium-type nature of the reaction intermediates.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…According to use of both GC-MS analysis and NMR spectroscopy) provided insight into the reaction mechanism. [17] The next point concerning the mechanism of alkane transformation on solid acid catalysts that should be addressed, the nature of the initial intermediate formed from alkane activation, is still under discussion, [8,18] despite the general agreement on the carbenium-type nature of the reaction intermediates.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Desta forma, quando isobutano reage 27 em HF/SbF 5 o principal produto formado é o cátion t-butila e hidrogênio. A formação destes produtos pode ser racionalizada de forma que o próton ataque a ligação C-H terciária formando o íon-2-H-isobutônio, o qual perde hidrogênio e forma o cátion t-butila.…”
Section: Figura 11 Representação Esquemática Da Interação Orbital Emunclassified
“…[3,4] On the basis of the initial product distribution at high temperature, the Haag-Dessau mechanism [5,6] (s bond protolysis as in superacids [7][8][9] ) is generally suggested as the first alkane activation step, but hydride abstraction, oxidation, and alkene impurities have also been evoked to account for the formation of the cationic intermediate. [10][11][12] Simple carbenium ions are generally considered as transient species (unless they have a large charge delocalization) within the zeolite channels and that the most stable intermediates are the framework-bound alkoxy species.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%