Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in a patient of FSGS with heavy proteinuria

Abstract

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a neurological syndrome characterized by headache, seizures, and visual loss, often associated with an abrupt increase in blood pressure. It was first described by Hinchey and colleagues in 1996 when they described a case series. RPLS has been described in number of medical conditions, renal dysfunction being one of them. Prompt diagnosis and therapy with antihypertensives, anticonvulsants, removal of any offending medication, and treatment of associated disorder are essential because early treatment might prevent progression to irreversible brain damage. Here, we report a case of young man with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and heavy proteinuria, who developed classical, clinical, and neurological features of RPLS with complete recovery.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in malignant hypertension secondary to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

“…PRES in association with nephrotic syndrome secondary to FSGS is rare6 and we found only three reported cases of PRES in association with FSGS 6 8 9. All the three patients were in their 20s and presented with uncontrolled hypertension, seizures, headache and visual changes.…”

“…It usually takes few days to weeks for the clinical symptoms to resolve completely,1 9 but MRI findings may take few weeks to normalise 18. Roth and Ferbert23 study of 25 patients showed that a median of 41 days was required for the radiological findings to resolve completely.…”

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a woman with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

“…PRES in the setting of FSGS is further rare still, with a literature search finding only two additional cases in the English language ( Table 1 ): 2/3 total cases were males and the median age was 25. 7 , 8 All patients presented with seizure and headache; however, the presence of other classical symptoms was variable. The systolic blood pressure ranged from 150s to 200s in the three cases.…”

Nephrotic Syndrome and Atypical Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Patient with Parkinson's Disease

“…PRES has also not been reported in patients with PD and There are a small number of adult cases showing an association between NS and PRES, as listed in Table (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). It is particularly interesting to consider that NS and PRES may have similar pathogenesis due to endothelial dysfunction.…”