Professor Dieter Seebach in Bewunderung und mit den besten W¸nschen zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet.A temperature-dependent 2D-IR study of the amide-I band of a b-peptide forming a 12/10/12/10 helix is presented. Cross-relaxation of a spectrally separated marker amide-I mode, which could be assigned with the help of the NMR structure of the molecule, can be used as measure of conformational flexibility of the molecule. We find that the conformational flexibility of the N-terminal part of the helix increases slightly upon increasing the temperature from 08 to 808. The cross-peaks in the 2D-IR spectrum, and hence the connectivity of the corresponding peptide units, do not change, suggesting that the N-terminal part of the helix remains essentially intact at 808. This conclusion is in agreement with previous NMR and CD measurements.Introduction. ± Protein folding is the process of transferring information from one dimension into three dimensions, where the information that determines the molecular structure of a protein is encoded in its amino acid sequence. Understanding the mechanism by which the amino acid sequence of a protein folds into its unique native conformation is one of the biggest challenges in biophysical chemistry.The major degrees of freedom of the polypeptide chain are two s-bonds in each amino acid, which can freely rotate. The amide group (i.e., ÀCOÀNHÀ ) itself is close to planar since the CÀN bond has partial double-bond character. The free-energy surface of the two-dimensional configuration space of each amino acid has been extensively studied. A complicated balance of different forces results in two main local free-energy minima, which are of almost equal depth. Because of the large dimensionality of the problem in polypeptides and proteins, and because of the