Reversible Mechanical Regulation and Splicing Ability of Alginate-Based Gel Based on Photo-Responsiveness of Molecular-Level Conformation

Abstract

In this study, benefiting from the sensitive molecular conformation transversion in azobenzene, a new strategy for fabricating alginate gels with the abilities of splicing and photo-responsive mechanical adjustment is reported. Firstly, a 4,4’-azobis(benzoylhydrazide) (Azo-hydrazide) linker was used to crosslink alginate physically via the electrostatic interaction between hydrazide groups and carboxyl groups. It was then shaped and transferred in situ to a chemically crosslinked gel via 450 nm light irradiation. Under the irradiation, the molecular conformation change of azobenzene in the linker was able to form covalent bonds at the crosslinking points of the gels. Furthermore, the reversible conformation transformation of azobenzene was able to induce the increase and decrease of the storage modulus under irradiation with 365 nm light and 450 nm light, respectively, while also providing gel-like mechanical properties, depending upon the irradiation time and given wavelength. Meanwhile, the results also indicated that active groups could contribute to the splicing ability of the gel and construct a hollow cavity structure. It is believed that this work could provide a versatile strategy for preparing photo-responsive gels with reversibly tunable mechanical properties.

Cationic Azobenzenes as Light-Responsive Crosslinkers for Alginate-Based Supramolecular Hydrogels

“…The structural features and photoisomerization behaviors of these three azobenzenes were studied in detail by UV-Vis and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. Furthermore, these azobenzenes were successfully used as crosslinkers to build photoresponsive SMHGs by electrostatic interactions with sodium alginate (SA) and π-π stacking interactions between aromatic rings of azobenzene moieties (Figure 1) that stabilized the crosslinked structures of the gels that are more versatile and easily tunable than hydrogels based on covalent bonds [46]. The hydrogels were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and SEM.…”