Reversible Luteal Phase Changes and Infertility Associated With Marathon Training

Prior, JerilynnC.; Yuen, Basil Ho; Clement, Philip B.; Bowie, Lemuel J.; Thomas, J. L.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(82)90348-8

Cited by 59 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The earliest documentation of central hypogonadism was in young women with anorexia nervosa (Warren & Van de Wiele, 1973). Subsequently, similar changes were documented with severe illness (Warren et al, 1977;Woolf et al, 1985), simple weight loss (Vigersky et al, 1977) and conditioning exercise (Prior, 1982;Prior et al, 1982;Prior, 1985). All of these studies were performed in women whose reproductive dysfunction is more easily recognized by menstrual cycle alterations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Reversible Reproductive Dysfunction in Men With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Santamaria

Prior

Fleetham

1988

Clinical Endocrinology

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A central, reversible decrease in male sexual function appears related to some aspect of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Lower serum testosterone (T) levels were documented in 15 men with OSA versus nine snorers (no OSA), (9.18 +/- 0.92 vs 11.55 +/- 0.90 nmol/l, mean +/- SEM), P less than 0.05 in a consecutive case series of 24 men referred for diagnostic overnight sleep studies. Gonadotrophins did not differ between the two groups. Although the men with OSA did not differ in body mass index (BMI) or weight from the snorers, they were older (51 +/- 3.9 vs 44 +/- 3.1 years), P less than 0.02. Serum T did not correlate with age, but was correlated with minimum nocturnal arterial oxygen saturation (Min SaO2) (r = 0.589), P less than 0.02. A prospective controlled trial of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty therapy (UPP) for OSA in 12 subsequent subjects showed reproductive improvement which was parallel with improved apnoea at 3 months postsurgery. T increased (13.31 +/- 1.07 to 16.59 +/- 0.72 nmol/l), P less than 0.02, without significant changes in BMI, serum PRL, LH or FSH. All seven of the men who reported decreased sexual interest prior to surgery felt their libido and sexual functioning had returned to normal 3 months following UPP. Some aspect of OSA in men appears to produce a reversible hypothalamic-pituitary reproductive dysfunction.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Reversible Reproductive Dysfunction in Men With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Santamaria

Prior

Fleetham

1988

Clinical Endocrinology

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The two cycles immediately before the marathon were anovulatory. 18 The dynamic relation between luteal phase length, ovulation, and exercise was supported when the menstrual cycle phase returned to normal after the marathon when exercise training intensity decreased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Prospective decrease in progesterone concentrations in female lightweight rowers during the competition season compared with the off season: a controlled study examining weight loss and intensive exercise.

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to monitor ovarian hormone function response to intense exercise and body weight changes in female athletes. Ovarian hormone function was evaluated in 12 female lightweight rowers and 10 age-height-weight matched sedentary controls. Ovarian hormone function was assessed during consecutive competition season and oV season, by measurement of peak and average alternative day overnight urinary oestrone glucuronide (E 1 G) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) excretion. Competition season was associated with a 5.8 kg (9.3%) body weight loss in the lightweight rowers. Significantly lower competition season peak and average urinary excretion of PdG were found in the lightweight rowers compared with the controls. Lower competition season peak and average urinary excretion of E 1 G were also found in the lightweight rowers compared with the controls, but the diVerence did not reach significance. The number of rowing training hours was a significant determinant of peak PdG excretion in the rowers (R 2 = 0.40; p<0.02). The seasonal suppression of PdG excretion was associated with degree of weight loss (R 2 = 0.46; p<0.01). The competition related decrease in E 1 G and PdG excretion for the lightweight rowers was predominantly restored during the off season when exercise intensity and duration were decreased and body weight increased. These results showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in progesterone metabolite excretion and a non-significant decrease in oestrone metabolite excretion associated with intensive competition season training loads and body weight reduction in female lightweight rowers. (Br J Sports Med 1999;33:417-422)

show abstract

“…The exact incidence of these abnormalities is unknown, however, as many 'eumenorrheic' athletes are actually suffering from hidden menstrual irregularities such as inadequate luteal phase or anovulatory cycles (Shangold et al 1979, Bonen et al 1981, Prior et al 1982, Loucks et al 1989. Dale et al (1979) found that only 50% of runners ovulated during a test month compared with 83% of controls.…”

Section: Infertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of intense exercise on the female reproductive system

Warren¹,

Perlroth²

2001

Journal of Endocrinology

375

198

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Women have become increasingly physically active in recent decades. While exercise provides substantial health benefits, intensive exercise is also associated with a unique set of risks for the female athlete. Hypothalamic dysfunction associated with strenuous exercise, and the resulting disturbance of GnRH pulsatility, can result in delayed menarche and disruption of menstrual cyclicity.Specific mechanisms triggering reproductive dysfunction may vary across athletic disciplines. An energy drain incurred by women whose energy expenditure exceeds dietary energy intake appears to be the primary factor effecting GnRH suppression in athletes engaged in sports emphasizing leanness; nutritional restriction may be an important causal factor in the hypoestrogenism observed in these athletes. A distinct hormonal profile characterized by hyperandrogenism rather than hypoestrogenism is associated with athletes engaged in sports emphasizing strength over leanness. Complications associated with suppression of GnRH include infertility and compromised bone density. Failure to attain peak bone mass and bone loss predispose hypoestrogenic athletes to osteopenia and osteoporosis.Metabolic aberrations associated with nutritional insult may be the primary factors effecting low bone density in hypoestrogenic athletes, thus diagnosis should include careful screening for abnormal eating behavior. Increasing caloric intake to offset high energy demand may be sufficient to reverse menstrual dysfunction and stimulate bone accretion. Treatment with exogenous estrogen may help to curb further bone loss in the hypoestrogenic amenorrheic athlete, but may not be sufficient to stimulate bone growth. Treatment aimed at correcting metabolic abnormalities may in fact prove more effective than that aimed at correcting estrogen deficiencies.

show abstract

Reversible Luteal Phase Changes and Infertility Associated With Marathon Training

Cited by 59 publications

References 3 publications

Reversible Reproductive Dysfunction in Men With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Reversible Reproductive Dysfunction in Men With Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Prospective decrease in progesterone concentrations in female lightweight rowers during the competition season compared with the off season: a controlled study examining weight loss and intensive exercise.

The effects of intense exercise on the female reproductive system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About