Reversible hydration behavior of CaCl2 at high H2O partial pressures for thermochemical energy storage

A review on the use of calcium chloride in applied thermal engineering

“…Molenda et al [100,101] have studied calcium chloride for high temperature industrial waste heat storage. The authors considered basically the reaction range from CaCl 2 $2H 2 O to CaCl 2 in the required temperature range of 80e200 C because CaCl 2 $2H 2 O is the hydrate of calcium chloride that could be used in pure form without systematic melting issues for an application requiring a discharging temperature above 45 C (domestic hot water production for instance) [101,142]. In a lab-scale reactor containing 0.55 kg of CaCl 2 , two different storage modes have been tested.…”

Heat transformation based on CaCl2/H2O – Part A: Closed operation principle

“…Gas supply 9 To supply the reaction bed with the reaction gas water vapor a second tube bundle heat 10 exchanger is used ((2) in Fig. 1).…”

“…3). The in-and the outlet temperature of the thermal oil in the reactor as well as the water 9 temperature in the condenser/evaporator is determined by thermocouples, too. 10…”

“…As the first reaction cycle might significantly differ from the following [9], only the second 11 cycles are analyzed in this publication. 12 Thermal charging 18 The dehydration reaction of calcium chloride dihydrate was performed at 150 °C.…”

Study on performance of chemical heat storage system for direct steam generation

“…Considerable amounts of low-temperature heat are wasted to ambient air in industrial processes or automotive uses. Latent heat storage systems have been studied using metal, organic material or salt, [1][2][3][4] and those using chemical reactions or adsorption process apply metal hydroxides, 5-7 metal salt hydrates 8,9 or adsorbents. [10][11][12][13][14] These systems have good heat capacity and a wide applicable temperature range.…”