Reversible Data Hiding Scheme using Prediction Error Expansion in Pixel Value Blocking and Ordering

Abstract

This paper presents a better reversible data hiding method depending on pixel value ordering and prediction-error expansion technique. A host image is first segmented into non-overlapping sub-blocks of adjacent three pixels and ordered them as ascending order. For each sub-block, the maximum pixel value is predicted by the second maximum pixel value. Then the second maximum pixel value is predicted by the minimum pixel value or minimum pixel value is predicted by the second maximum pixel value. Then by using prediction-error expansions, we can insert one or two secret bits into every sub-block pixels and also we can recover the hidden secret bits and restore the cover image fully from watermarked image. Experimental results of this method demonstrate that the embedding capacity and PSNR value is larger than another pixel value ordering and prediction error expansion based approach. Also, the visual quality of the obtained marked image is better than other PVO and PEE based method.