Reversible data hiding based on reducing invalid shifting of pixels in histogram shifting

Jia, Yujie; Yin, Zhaoxia; Zhang, Xinpeng; Luo, Yonglong

doi:10.1016/j.sigpro.2019.05.020

Cited by 157 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This is because histogram of the absolute differences under T = 3 has the least pixel values between the peak point and zero point. In view of this, the number of invalid shifting pixels [36] is the least when embedding information by shifting histogram of the absolute differences. In order to further determine the optimal parameters of the proposed scheme, 100 gray images in the USC-SIPI image database were selected for further experiments.…”

Section: A Embedding Distortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separable Reversible Data Hiding Scheme in Homomorphic Encrypted Domain Based on NTRU

et al. 2020

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Data Hiding in Encrypted Domain Based on Encryption Process''. Through excavation and effective use of redundancy in the encryption process, we compromise the information hiding technology and encryption technology, construct the theoretical model of the fusion of cryptography and information hiding technology, and design secure and efficient reversible information hiding methods. ABSTRACT NTRU (Number Theory Research Unit) has the characteristics of resistance to quantum computing attacks, fast encryption and decryption, and high security. It is very suitable for wireless confidential data networks and authentication systems. Combined with reversible data hiding technology, a separable reversible data hiding scheme in homomorphic encrypted domain based on NTRU is proposed. The image owner directly divides the cover-image into groups of a reference pixel and T adjacent pixels. Then, the grouped image is encrypted by NTRU. Finally, the encrypted image is uploaded to the data hider. The encrypted image is divided into groups by the same grouping method as the image owner. After that, the data hider calculates T absolute differences of adjacent pixels in each group to obtain histogram of the absolute differences. The additional data can be embedded into the encrypted image by shifting histogram of the absolute differences. After receiving the encrypted image with hidden data, the receiver can either use the data hiding key to directly extract the additional data from encrypted domain to obtain the encrypted image, or use the private key and data hiding key to extract the additional data from plaintext domain to get the cover-image. Experimental results show that our scheme has higher security and better embedding performance comparing with other state-of-the-art works. INDEX TERMS Reversible data hiding, encrypted domain, public key cryptosystem, homomorphic property, number theory research unit (NTRU).

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Section: A Embedding Distortionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separable Reversible Data Hiding Scheme in Homomorphic Encrypted Domain Based on NTRU

et al. 2020

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“…In addition, our method has real reversibility and provides a high embedding capacity for halftone images, although less redundancy exists in encrypted color halftone images. Zhang [19] No Below 4400 [23] Grayscale continuous-tone Encrypt Zhang [21] Yes 4400 Grayscale continuous-tone Encrypt Ma et al [23] Yes 131,072 Grayscale continuous-tone Encrypt Fu et al [24] Yes 416,809 Grayscale continuous-tone Encrypt Lien et al [33] Yes 79,438 Grayscale halftone Plaintext Chen et al [34] No 23,814 Grayscale halftone Plaintext Jia et al [35] Yes 56,617 Grayscale continuous-tone Plaintext Kim et al [27] No 4096 Grayscale halftone Encrypt Li et al [36] Yes 725,000 Color continuous-tone Plaintext Ours Yes 1,179,648 Color halftone Encrypt…”

Section: Feature Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Color Halftone Images with High Capacity

et al. 2019

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In recent years, reversible data hiding (RDH) has become a research hotspot in the field of multimedia security that has aroused more and more researchers’ attention. Most of the existing RDH algorithms are aiming at continuous-tone images. For RDH in encrypted halftone images (RDH-EH), the original cover image cannot be recovered losslessly after the watermark is extracted. For some application scenarios such as medical or military images sharing, reversibility is critical. In this paper, a reversible data hiding scheme in encrypted color halftone images (RDH-ECH) is proposed. In the watermark embedding procedure, the cover image is copied into two identical images to increase redundancy. We use wet paper code to embed the watermark into the image blocks. Thus, the receiver only needs to process the image blocks by the check matrices in order to extract the watermarks. To increase embedding capacity, we embed three layers in the embedding procedure and combine the resulting images into one image for convenience of transmission. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that the original image can be restored entirely after the watermarks are extracted. Besides, for marked color halftone images, our algorithm can implement high embedding capacity and moderate visual quality.

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“…A major current focus in RDH is how to ensure low distortion of original images after embedding data, therefore, visual quality of marked images is the key metric of RDH methods. To achieve better visual quality, many RDH methods have been proposed in the past several decades [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. These methods are mainly divided into three categories: lossless compression [2][3][4], histogram shifting [5][6][7] and difference expansion [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Based on Multi-MSB Prediction and Huffman Coding

Yin

Xiang

Zhang

2020

IEEE Trans. Multimedia

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172

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Great concern has arisen in the field of reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDHEI) due to the development of cloud storage and privacy protection. RDHEI is an effective technology that can embed additional data after image encryption, extract additional data without any errors and reconstruct original images losslessly. In this paper, a high-capacity and fully reversible data hiding in encrypted images method based on pixel prediction and multi-MSB (most significant bit) planes rearrangement is proposed. First, we use the median edge detector (MED) predictor to calculate the predicted value. Next, unlike previous methods, in our proposed method, signs of prediction errors (PEs) are represented by one bit plane and absolute value of PEs are represented by other bit planes. Then, we divide bit planes into uniform blocks and non-uniform blocks, and rearrange these blocks. Finally, according to different pixel prediction schemes, we embed different number of additional data adaptively. The experimental results prove that our method has higher embedding capacity compared with state-of-the-art RDHEI methods.

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Reversible data hiding based on reducing invalid shifting of pixels in histogram shifting

Cited by 157 publications

References 38 publications

Separable Reversible Data Hiding Scheme in Homomorphic Encrypted Domain Based on NTRU

Separable Reversible Data Hiding Scheme in Homomorphic Encrypted Domain Based on NTRU

Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Color Halftone Images with High Capacity

Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Images Based on Multi-MSB Prediction and Huffman Coding

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