Reversible Cerebral Atrophy Caused by Corticotrophin

Lagenstein, I; Willig, R. P.; Kühne, D

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(79)91932-9

Cited by 40 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Brain atrophy has been affected by various factors, chronic alcoholism (Carlen et al 1978;Ron et al 1982), steroids treatments (Benton et al 1978;Langenstein et al 1979) and hypertension (Hatazawa et al 1984). But the effects of chronic smoking are still unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

Age-related brain atrophy enhanced by smoking: A quantitative study with computed tomography.

Kubota

Matsuzawa

Fujiwara

et al. 1987

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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We examined the chronic effect of smoking on brain atrophy quantitatively with computed tomography (CT). Study was performed on 159 smokers and 194 non-smokers from 40 to 69 years old with neither neurological nor focal abnormality in brain CT. Brain atrophy index (BAT) which was a quantitative marker of brain atrophy reported previously, was calculated from each pixel of brain CT. There was a significant age dependent increase of BAT in both non-smokers and smokers. Smokers showed a significant increase in BAT (atrophic) compared to non-smokers in three age groups, 50-54, 55-59 (p <0.01, both) and 65-69 (p <0.05).In the male, the mean BAT became high when the smoking index increased (p <0.01).The systolic blood pressure and serum triglycerides of smokers were significantly higher than the non-smokers (p <0.05 and p <0.01). It was suggested that age-related brain atrophy was increased by chronic smoking through advanced atherosclerosis, brain atrophy ; smoking ; computed tmography ; brain aging Aging in the central nervous system constitutes a major public health problem in every part of the world. There is an urgent need to study the risk factors in brain aging for the prevention of mental deterioration (WHO 1981). Many pathological studies have demonstrated that the weight of brain and the number of neurons decrease during normal aging. Brain computed tomography (CT) makes it possible to observe a living human brain non-invasively.Non-specific brain volume reduction observed in normal aged people by CT has been described as brain atrophy (Huckman et al. 1975). Brain atrophy has been affected by various factors, chronic alcoholism (Carlen et al. 1978;Ron et al. 1982), steroids treatments (Benton et al. 1978;Langenstein et al. 1979) and hypertension (Hatazawa et al. 1984). But the effects of chronic smoking are still unclear.

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confidence: 99%

Age-related brain atrophy enhanced by smoking: A quantitative study with computed tomography.

Kubota

Matsuzawa

Fujiwara

et al. 1987

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…"Reversible cerebral atrophy" has been reported both in patients receiving high doses of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or corticosteroids and in those with Cushing's syndrome. [4][5][6][7] It has been suggested that the mechanism is related to dehydration of the brain, 4,6,8 which may have contributed to the reversible brain shrinkage in this patient. Another important factor is that he was quite malnourished.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…2 Now that it is possible to assess the size of the ventricles and cortical sulci noninvasively, many studies have been performed and much incidental pathology has been documented. 3 Published reports describe "reversible cerebral atrophy" in a number of conditions including anorexia nervosa, Cushing's syndrome, 4 patients receiving ACTH or corticosteroids, [5][6][7] and in alcoholics following recent abstention. 8 Pathologically, the term cerebral atrophy denotes neuronal death, which is irreversible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible Brain Shrinkage Documented by Computerized Tomography

1984

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The term "cerebral atrophy" is not suitable for describing brain shrinkage demonstrated by CT scanning, because atrophy implies cellular loss and irreversibility. The authors present four cases in which brain shrinkage reversed either spontaneously or due to treatment. The clinical setting was variable and included the nephrotic syndrome, gluten-sensitive enteropathy, bacterial endocarditis, and Chediak-Higashi syndrome. The authors postulate that loss of water from the brain is responsible for this shrinkage.

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“…7,8 Corticosteroid treatment may have contributed to the picture of brain shrinkage. 16,17 The areas of decreased attenuation seen in the first patient are probably lacunar infarcts caused by occlusion of small penetrating vessels. 13 Spinal cord may be involved by the same pathologic process as the rest of the nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%