Reversibility of changes in hepatic vessels after correction of experimental aortic coarctation

Abstract

Structural changes in hepatic vessels were studied in pups with experimental aortic coarctation and animals with corrected defect. Reconstruction of vessels was assayed by functional, morphometric, and histological methods. Aortic coarctation in pups was followed by a decrease in circumferential strain of the wall of hepatic arteries. These changes were accompanied by atrophy and sclerosis of the media. The arterial bed had a greater number of vessels with intimal muscles. Muscle bundles in large hepatic veins underwent dystrophy. After correction of experimental defect, the increase in circumferential strain of arteries was accompanied by hypertrophy of the wall. The number of arterial vessels with intimal muscles decreased, while muscle bundles in hepatic veins were thickened. Sclerosis of hepatic vessels was reversible.

A novel method for comparison of arterial remodeling in hypertension: Quantification of arterial trees and recognition of remodeling patterns on histological sections

“…Furthermore, we found as many as sixteen different formulae to calculate WLR. Some studies employed the diameter or radius: WTh/ID,[50],[52],[53]; ED—ID/2ID[54]; ED/ID[55]; WTh/IR[11][16]; a media index WTh/IR with IR specifically defined as the distance from the center of the arterial lumen to the middle point of the media[56]; 2WTh/ED[57],[58]; 2WTh/ID[59]; WTh/ED[60]; or ID/ED[61]. Others have measured WLR from the perimeters as EP/IP[46],[47],[48], or used the area: MCSA/LCSA[14],[15],[49]; MCSA/TCSA[44]; LCSA/MCSA[43]; LCSA/TCSA[62].…”

“…Rarely, point counting has been used to estimate WLR as the average ratio of the volume density of the walls to the volume density of the lumens[15],[64]. However, many studies indicate that WLR is not constant but declines 2-10-fold in arteries of ED 20–500 μm in the human and rat kidney[56],[65]; human and rat brain[66],[67] ; a nd human and dog liver[34],[53]. Our data indicate that neither averaged WLR nor the mean values for ED, ID or WTh are applicable to even relatively small intervals of vessel caliber.…”

“…To avoid averaging, some investigators also measured interval means. However, significant discrepancies in choice of interval steps and caliber ranges render such data as highly variable and difficult for comparative analysis[53],[64],[65],[66]. Thus the advantage of using intervals could be compromised by subjective choices of interval size that neither improves standardization nor comparison.…”

“…We have found only one study that proposed a numerical approach to remodeling[28]. The numerical classification proposed here unambiguously defines any wall conformation, and could be applicable to remodeling not only in hypertension but diabetes, atherosclerosis[79], high or low blood flow[24],[53], restenosis[80], and bronchial remodeling[81].…”

Comparison of different pharmacodynamic models for PK–PD modeling of verapamil in renovascular hypertension

“…Conversely, hepatic clearance of verapamil showed a dose independent pattern in hypertensive ACo rats. Although further studies are needed, profound morphological changes were previously found in hepatic vessels of rats with aortic coarctation that could affect hepatic perfusion (Novikov, Shormanov, & Kulikov, 2006;Shormanov & Kulikov, 2003).…”