Reversibility and irreversibility in the packing of vibrated granular material

Nowak, E. R.; Knight, James B.; Povinelli, Michelle L.; Jaeger, Heinrich M.; Nagel, Sidney R.

doi:10.1016/s0032-5910(97)03291-9

Cited by 192 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

234

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These effects are much more pronounced in systems with irregularly shaped grains then with fairly smooth uniform spheres, indeed the more irregular a grain is, the more the discussion above describes big differences between ρ (0) and ρ. The experimental data of [3] show the packing density dependence on parameter Γ = a/g for a fixed number of taps. A loosely packed bead assembly first undergoes irreversible compaction corresponding to the lower branch of ρ(Γ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The intermediate value of V = (v 0 + v 1 )/2 corresponds to the minimum density of the reversible curve. Thus we can offer an interpretation of three values of density presented in the experimental data [3].…”

Section: "Two-volumes" Model: Solution Of the Fokker-planck Equationmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The formula (14) can be obtained using (31) when t → ∞ and represents a reversible curve in experimental data of [3]: altering a moves one along the curve ρ = v W (X) = ρ(a). We can identify time with the number of taps, so wherever we start with any initial ρ (0) and a, successive tapping takes one to reversible curve ρ(a).…”

Section: "Two-volumes" Model: Solution Of the Fokker-planck Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Statistical mechanics of vibration-induced compaction of powders

Edwards

Grinev

1998

Phys. Rev. E

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose a theory which describes the density relaxation of loosely packed, cohesionless granular material under mechanical tapping. Using the compactivity concept we develop a formalism of statistical mechanics which allows us to calculate the density of a powder as a function of time and compactivity. A simple fluctuation-dissipation relation which relates compactivity to the amplitude and frequency of a tapping is proposed. Experimental data of E.R.Nowak et al. [Powder Technology 94, 79 (1997) ] show how density of initially deposited in a fluffy state powder evolves under carefully controlled tapping towards a random close packing (RCP) density. Ramping the vibration amplitude repeatedly up and back down again reveals the existence of reversible and irreversible branches in the response. In the framework of our approach the reversible branch (along which the RCP density is obtained) corresponds to the steady state solution of the Fokker-Planck equation whereas the irreversible one is represented by a superposition of "excited states" eigenfunctions. These two regimes of response are analyzed theoretically and a qualitative explanation of the hysteresis curve is offered.PACS numbers 81.05.R,05.40.,03.20.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: "Two-volumes" Model: Solution Of the Fokker-planck Equationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: "Two-volumes" Model: Solution Of the Fokker-planck Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Statistical mechanics of vibration-induced compaction of powders

Edwards

Grinev

1998

Phys. Rev. E

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent investigations on granular compaction have used the dimensionless maximum acceleration Γ = α max /g to characterize the strength of tapping and/or vibration applied to a granular pack, where α max is the maximum acceleration and g = 9.8 m/s 2 is the gravitational acceleration. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Most previous studies have used steady vibration to cause granular compaction. The final state attained by steady vibration is solely determined by Γ value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,3,6,10,11 The most efficient compaction is induced at a value of Γ ≃ 2. 2,3,7 When Γ is too small, the compaction takes long and grows logarithmically with time. When Γ is too large, on the other hand, it is difficult to attain the highly compacted state as a large amount of kinetic energy is delivered to the granular pack in such a strong vibration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Evolution of a Granular Pack under Manual Tapping

Iikawa

Bandi²,

Katsuragi

2015

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We experimentally study a two-dimensional (2D) granular pack of photoelastic disks subject to vertical manual tapping. Using bright and dark field images, we employ gradient-based image analysis methods to analyse various structural quantities. These include the packing fraction (φ), force per disk (F d ) and force chain segment length (l) as a function of the tapping number (τ). The increase in packing fraction with tapping number is found to exponentially approach an asymptotic value. An exponential distribution is observed for both the cumulative numbers of force per disk, and force chain segment length l : N cum (l) = A l exp(− l l 0 ). Whereas the coefficient A F varies with τ for force per disk, the force chain segment length shows no dependence on τ. The τ dependence of F d and φ allows us to posit a linear relation between the total force of the granular pack (F * tot (τ)) and φ(τ).

show abstract