“…For such a purpose, multicriteria decision functions were defined as the way to reach an appropriate compromise among the desired objectives. Similar decision strategies have been applied elsewhere for dealing with other complex chromatographic separations (30,31). Separation conditions were preliminarily assayed using standard solutions of polyphenols (at 5 mg/L each) selected from results previously published regarding the most abundant polyphenols in German, South African, Chinese, and Spanish white wines from Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, and other grape cultivars (19)(20)(21)(22).…”
Section: Optimization Of the Chromatographic Conditionsmentioning
The determination of polyphenols in wines is of great interest in the field of food analysis due to health and organoleptic implications. In addition, the applicability of polyphenols as food descriptors to be used for characterization, classification, and authentication purposes is gaining popularity. In this work, a simple and reliable method based on HPLC separation in reversed-phase mode with UV-Vis detection was developed and applied to determine polyphenolic compounds in white wines. The chromatographic separation was performed using a C18 column under a methanol elution gradient and assessed by an experimental design approach. Analytical parameters were established under the optimal experimental conditions. LOD values were between 3 and 220 µg/L, and repeatability values were better than 1% for most of the analyzed polyphenols. Compositional data were further exploited to characterize white wines based on principal component analysis to discriminate among mono-and polyvarietal compositions.
“…For such a purpose, multicriteria decision functions were defined as the way to reach an appropriate compromise among the desired objectives. Similar decision strategies have been applied elsewhere for dealing with other complex chromatographic separations (30,31). Separation conditions were preliminarily assayed using standard solutions of polyphenols (at 5 mg/L each) selected from results previously published regarding the most abundant polyphenols in German, South African, Chinese, and Spanish white wines from Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, and other grape cultivars (19)(20)(21)(22).…”
Section: Optimization Of the Chromatographic Conditionsmentioning
The determination of polyphenols in wines is of great interest in the field of food analysis due to health and organoleptic implications. In addition, the applicability of polyphenols as food descriptors to be used for characterization, classification, and authentication purposes is gaining popularity. In this work, a simple and reliable method based on HPLC separation in reversed-phase mode with UV-Vis detection was developed and applied to determine polyphenolic compounds in white wines. The chromatographic separation was performed using a C18 column under a methanol elution gradient and assessed by an experimental design approach. Analytical parameters were established under the optimal experimental conditions. LOD values were between 3 and 220 µg/L, and repeatability values were better than 1% for most of the analyzed polyphenols. Compositional data were further exploited to characterize white wines based on principal component analysis to discriminate among mono-and polyvarietal compositions.
“…The elution gradient profile was optimized systematically by means of a two‐factor (initial and final ACN percentages) at three‐level grid design involving nine experiments. Similar strategies have been successfully assayed elsewhere 19–21. Initial ACN percentages in the mobile phase were 5, 10 and 15% and final percentages were 20, 30 and 50%.…”
An ultra high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to study the cinitapride metabolism. Metabolites were generated from the incubation of cinitapride with human liver microsomes. Cinitapride and its metabolites were separated by reversed-phase mode using a formate aqueous solution (pH 6.5) and acetonitrile as the components of the mobile phase. Chromatographic conditions, including the establishment of an elution gradient, were optimized for obtaining the maximum number of resolved components in the minimum analysis time. Experimental design and multicriteria decision-making strategies were utilized to facilitate the optimization of chromatographic conditions. Figures of merit were evaluated with cinitapride standards and incubated samples. Limits of detection are about 0.03 μmol/L, and repeatabilities are better than 0.06% for retention times and better than 3.5% for concentrations. The method was applied to characterize the in vitro cinitapride metabolism with human liver microsomes.
“…A method for reliable quantification of several AIDS drugs was reported by Checa et al [56], including the analytical method for didanosine (20), emtricitabine (22), lamivudine (35), stavudine (40), zalcitabine (50) and zidovudine (52). Optimized chromatographic procedures were given for several triplets of drugs, the limit of detection (LOD) values varied between 3 and 15 ng/mL.…”
Certain xenobiotics are given in the "prodrug" form. Either the human body, or one compartment of the body, or the targeted virus itself metabolizes the prodrug into its active form. The bioprecursor form of drugs is used for a wide variety of reasons, namely: to make drug penetration into the target organ (mainly to the brain through the blood-brain-barrier) possible, eliminate unpleasant taste, alter (either increasing or decreasing) the half life of the active component or supply more than one active components to the body.
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