Reversed halo sign in active pulmonary tuberculosis

Loganathan, N; Madan, Karan; Bhalla, Ashu Seith; Guleria, Randeep

doi:10.1136/bcr-2013-202981

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Post-primary granulomas begin by surrounding existing foci of caseous pneumonia and then shrink slightly as the caseation ages. This process produces the reverse halo sign on X-ray [ 119 , 146 ].…”

Section: Immunity To Primary and Post-primary Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis–The Koch Phenomenon Reinstated

Hunter

2020

Pathogens

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Research on the pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB) has been hamstrung for half a century by the paradigm that granulomas are the hallmark of active disease. Human TB, in fact, produces two types of granulomas, neither of which is involved in the development of adult type or post-primary TB. This disease begins as the early lesion; a prolonged subclinical stockpiling of secreted mycobacterial antigens in foamy alveolar macrophages and nearby highly sensitized T cells in preparation for a massive necrotizing hypersensitivity reaction, the Koch Phenomenon, that produces caseous pneumonia that is either coughed out to form cavities or retained to become the focus of post-primary granulomas and fibrocaseous disease. Post-primary TB progresses if the antigens are continuously released and regresses when they are depleted. This revised paradigm is supported by nearly 200 years of research and suggests new approaches and animal models to investigate long standing mysteries of human TB and vaccines that inhibit the early lesion to finally end its transmission.

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Section: Immunity To Primary and Post-primary Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis–The Koch Phenomenon Reinstated

Hunter

2020

Pathogens

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“…Similar to CMNs, multiple pulmonary RHS lesions may have similar appearance (Figure 6). The nodular appearance of the rings in the RHS, which is seen in patients with active tuberculous RHS and also reported in other granulomatous infectious processes including schistosomiasis and cryptococcosis, has been histologically proven to correlate to granulomas (17,18). This helps the differentiation of active granulomatous disease vs. OP (19).…”

Section: Reversed Halo Sign (Rhs) Manifestation Of Ptbmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Positron emission tomography (PET)/CT examination has an important value in the assessment of blood-borne spreading (39,40). By discovering the high 18 F-FDG uptake of tuberculosis lesions in multiple tissues and organs, combined with multiple nodules that are randomly distributed in the lung (without segmental distribution pattern), it can help to suggest blood-borne seeding (Figure 15). This type of PTB usually represent the subacute or chronic stage of tuberculosis evolution processes.…”

Section: A B D Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary tuberculosis

Zeng¹,

Zhai²,

Wáng³

et al. 2021

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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Tuberculosis is a serious public health challenge facing mankind and one of the top ten causes of death. In 2018, an estimated 10 million patients worldwide had new tuberculosis. And in 2018, among HIV-negative people, tuberculosis caused approximately 1.2 million deaths (compared to 1.7 million in 2000, a decrease of 27%). Among HIV-positive patients, 251,000 died of tuberculosis (compared to 620,000 in 2000, down 60%). 55% of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases have pathogenic evidence, while 45% are diagnosed through imaging and

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Reversed halo sign: Uncommon presentation of a common disease

Pattnaik

Mittal

et al. 2020

Lung India

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Reversed halo sign in active pulmonary tuberculosis

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis–The Koch Phenomenon Reinstated

The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis–The Koch Phenomenon Reinstated

Illustration of a number of atypical computed tomography manifestations of active pulmonary tuberculosis

Reversed halo sign: Uncommon presentation of a common disease

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