“…bacteria and have a high potential for severe side effects (Adler, ; Grassmann, Souza, & McBride, ). Proteins displayed on the leptospiral surface during host infection provide an optimal target for recombinant vaccines (Chang et al, ; Dellagostin et al, ; Lessa‐Aquino et al, ). Currently, antigens derived from Leptospira immunoglobulin‐like (Lig) proteins are the most promising vaccine candidates but concerns about formulation consistency have hampered development (Conrad et al, ; Evangelista, Lourdault, Matsunaga, & Haake, ; Palaniappan et al, ; Santos & Nascimento, ; Yan et al, ).…”