Reverse transcriptase-PCR quantification of mRNA levels from cytochrome (CYP)1, CYP2 and CYP3 families in 22 different human tissues

Bièche, Ivan; Narjoz, Céline; Asselah, Tarik; Vacher, Sophie; Marcellin, Patrick; Lidereau, Rosette; Beaune, Philippe; Waziers, Isabelle de

doi:10.1097/fpc.0b013e32810f2e58

Cited by 317 publications

(249 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Previous data suggested that CYP2E1 mRNA is one of the most abundant transcript among CYPs (56% of total CYP mRNA), whereas the protein is relatively poorly expressed (7% of total CYP proteins). 44,45 Although this could reflect a particular ability of CYP2E1 transcripts to undergo significant degradation in normal circumstances, 46 acute CCl 4 intoxication could accelerate this putative CYP2E1 mRNA degradative pathway. Interestingly, current investigations in our laboratory also showed acetaminophen-induced early CCl 4 induces early mitochondrial alterations L Knockaert et al reduction of CYP2E1 mRNA levels (unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon tetrachloride-mediated lipid peroxidation induces early mitochondrial alterations in mouse liver

Knockaert

Berson

Ribault

et al. 2012

Laboratory Investigation

109

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Although carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced acute and chronic hepatotoxicity have been extensively studied, little is known about the very early in vivo effects of this organic solvent on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. In this study, mice were treated with CCl 4 (1.5 ml/kg ie 2.38 g/kg) and parameters related to liver damage, lipid peroxidation, stress/defense and mitochondria were studied 3 h later. Some CCl 4 -intoxicated mice were also pretreated with the cytochrome P450 2E1 inhibitor diethyldithiocarbamate or the antioxidants Trolox C and dehydroepiandrosterone. CCl 4 induced a moderate elevation of aminotransferases, swelling of centrilobular hepatocytes, lipid peroxidation, reduction of cytochrome P4502E1 mRNA levels and a massive increase in mRNA expression of heme oxygenase-1 and heat shock protein 70. Moreover, CCl 4 intoxication induced a severe decrease of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV activity, mitochondrial DNA depletion and damage as well as ultrastructural alterations. Whereas DDTC totally or partially prevented all these hepatic toxic events, both antioxidants protected only against liver lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial damage. Taken together, our results suggest that lipid peroxidation is primarily implicated in CCl 4 -induced early mitochondrial injury. However, lipid peroxidation-independent mechanisms seem to be involved in CCl 4 -induced early hepatocyte swelling and changes in expression of stress/defense-related genes. Antioxidant therapy may not be an efficient strategy to block early liver damage after CCl 4 intoxication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon tetrachloride-mediated lipid peroxidation induces early mitochondrial alterations in mouse liver

Knockaert

Berson

Ribault

et al. 2012

Laboratory Investigation

109

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“…The only known pathological condition associated with CYP2R1 disruption is the rare mutations identified in patients with 25(OH)D 3 deficiency and vitamin D-dependent rickets (22)(23)(24)(25)(26). CYP2R1 is primarily expressed in liver and testis (19,29,(32)(33)(34). The former is consistent with liver being the major site of 25-hydroxylation, but its abundance in testis awaits further investigation to decipher the physiological relevance, although it has been linked to male reproduction, testicular cancer, and other testiculopathic conditions (33)(34)(35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CYP2R1 is a major, but not exclusive, contributor to 25-hydroxyvitamin D production in vivo

Zhu

Ochalek

Kaufmann

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

270

152

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Bioactivation of vitamin D consists of two sequential hydroxylation steps to produce 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 . It is clear that the second or 1α-hydroxylation step is carried out by a single enzyme, 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1α-hydroxylase CYP27B1. However, it is not certain what enzyme or enzymes are responsible for the initial 25-hydroxylation. An excellent case has been made for vitamin D 25-hydroxylase CYP2R1, but this hypothesis has not yet been tested. We have now produced Cyp2r1 −/− mice. These mice had greater than 50% reduction in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 . Curiously, the 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 level in the serum remained unchanged. These mice presented no health issues. A double knockout of Cyp2r1 and Cyp27a1 maintained a similar circulating level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 . Our results support the idea that the CYP2R1 is the major enzyme responsible for 25-hydroxylation of vitamin D, but clearly a second, as-yet unknown, enzyme is another contributor to this important step in vitamin D activation. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 1a-hydroxylase CYP27B1 (CYP27B1) has long been identified as the sole 25(OH)D 3 1α-hydroxylase in a number of species, including human (5), whereas the specific vitamin D 3 25-hydroxylase has yet to be elucidated. Many candidates have been proposed, but in vivo proof has yet to appear. Most of the potential 25-hydroxylases are primarily expressed in the liver, and all are members of the cytochrome P450 family (CYP2C11, CYP2D25, CYP27A1, CYP3A4, CYP2R1, and CYP2J2/3) (4). Among them, CYP27A1 and CYP2R1 are considered the most promising candidates for vitamin D 25-hydroxylation. CYP27A1, also known as the sterol 27-hydroxylase, is a key enzyme in bile acid formation (6, 7). Recombinant CYP27A1 is able to catalyze multiple oxidation reactions with broad substrate specificity in vitro (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). However, it is a lowaffinity, high-capacity vitamin D 25-hydroxylase and is certainly involved in steroidogenesis. Ablation of Cyp27a1 in mouse disrupted cholesterol metabolism and bile acid synthesis severely but did not alter vitamin D metabolism (15, 16). Indeed, these animals had supranormal serum 25(OH)D 3 levels (15). Patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis caused by mutations in the Cyp27a1 gene show dysfunctions that result from reduced bile acid production, but generally do not present vitamin D-related pathology (17, 18). These findings suggest that CYP27A1 is a minor factor, if it plays a role at all, in 25(OH)D 3 synthesis in vivo. CYP2R1 was recently identified as vitamin D 25-hydroxylase in mouse and human through the screening of a liver cDNA library from Cyp27a1-null mice (19). Heterologous expression of CYP2R1 in HEK cells, yeast, and Escherichia coli revealed that CYP2R1 catalyzes 25-hydroxylation of both vitamin D 3 and vitamin D 2 at similar rate, and much more efficiently than CYP27A1 (19-21). The clinical relevance of CYP2R1 as vitamin D 25-hydroxylase is from a handful of patients of Nigerian and Saudi Arabian decent havi...

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“…The CYP1D subfamily, a non-mammalian subfamily which has been recently identified, contains a single CYP1D1 gene (Goldstone et al 2009). The liver is the major site of E 2 metabolism; all CYP1s and CYP3As are known to be expressed in the liver of mammals (Bieche et al 2007) and fish (Jonsson et al 2007, Goldstone et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochrome P450-mediated 17β-estradiol metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Scornaienchi

Thornton²,

Willett³

et al. 2010

Journal of Endocrinology

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Cytochrome P4501 (CYP1) and CYP3A proteins are primarily responsible for the metabolism of 17b-estradiol (E 2 ) in mammals. We have cloned and heterologously expressed CYP1A, CYP1B1, CYP1C1, CYP1C2, CYP1D1, and CYP3A65 from zebrafish (Danio rerio) to determine the CYP-mediated metabolism of E 2 in a non-mammalian species. Constructs of each CYP cDNA were created using a leader sequence from the bacterial ompA gene to allow appropriate expression in Escherichia coli without 5 0 modification of the gene. Membrane vesicles were purified, and functional CYP protein was verified using carbon monoxide difference spectra and fluorescent catalytic assays with the substrates 7-ethoxyresorufin and 7-benzyloxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-coumarin. Rates of in vitro E 2 metabolism into 4-hydroxyE 2 (4-OHE 2 ), 2-hydroxyE 2 (2-OHE 2 ), and 16a-hydroxyE 1 (16a-OHE 1 ) metabolites were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The 2-OHE 2 metabolite was produced by all CYPs tested, while 4-OHE 2 was only detected following incubation with CYP1A, CYP1B1, CYP1C1, and CYP1C2. The 16a-OHE 1 metabolite was only produced by CYP1A. The highest rates of E 2 metabolism were from CYP1A and CYP1C1, followed by CYP1C2. CYP1B1, CYP1D1, and CYP3A65 had low rates of E 2 metabolism. E 2 metabolism by zebrafish CYP1A, CYP1C1, and CYP1C2 produced similar ratios of 4-OHE 2 to 2-OHE 2 as previous studies with mammalian CYP1As. CYP1B1 formed the highest ratio of 4-OHE 2 to 2-OHE 2 metabolites. Contrary to mammals, these results suggest that fish CYP1A and CYP1C proteins are primarily responsible for E 2 metabolism, with only minor contributions from CYP3A65 and CYP1B1. Similar to mammals, 2-OHE 2 is the predominant metabolite from CYP-mediated E 2 metabolism in fish, suggesting that all vertebrate species produce the same major E 2 metabolite.

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Reverse transcriptase-PCR quantification of mRNA levels from cytochrome (CYP)1, CYP2 and CYP3 families in 22 different human tissues

Abstract: This description will broaden the understanding of the physiological functions of these CYPs.

Cited by 317 publications

References 58 publications

Carbon tetrachloride-mediated lipid peroxidation induces early mitochondrial alterations in mouse liver

Carbon tetrachloride-mediated lipid peroxidation induces early mitochondrial alterations in mouse liver

CYP2R1 is a major, but not exclusive, contributor to 25-hydroxyvitamin D production in vivo

Cytochrome P450-mediated 17β-estradiol metabolism in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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