Reverse-Time Migration using the Poynting Vector

Local Image Matrix Based on Poynting Vector and Its Application in RTM

“…So LIM can describe all the angle information formed by the interaction of wave and geological structure during imaging in angle domain, which is the imaging analysis basis in angle domain. According to (8), LIM can be expressed the function of reflection angle and dip as shown in figure 4. The horizontal and vertical axes denote incident and scattering angles respectively, the main diagonal (from upper-left to lower-right) describes the reflection angles According to the correlation image condition, image is formed not only at reflector, but also at the non-reflector along the propagating path, which produces low-number noise in RTM.…”

“…There are mainly three kinds of methods to extract the angle information. The first is vector-based method, including Poynting vector [8], polarization vector and transient wave-number [9][10][11]. This kind of methods computes the normal direction of wave-front to express the propagating direction and have higher computation efficiency, but only one propagating direction can be obtained at every image point and one time step, which maybe unstable for complicated wave-field.…”

Separating a wavefield by propagation direction

“…The Poynting vector method of determining wave propagation direction was proposed by Yoon and Marfurt (2006) as a means of determining apparent scattering angle. It is not limited to calculating scattering angle, and so may also be used in applications where the propagation directions of the source and receiver wavefields must be known independently, such as in illumination compensation .…”

“…Several methods have been proposed for extracting directional information from finite-frequency wave propagation schemes. One of these is the Poynting vector method (Yoon and Marfurt, 2006), which is computationally efficient, but makes the assumption that the wavefield does not contain overlapping waves propagating in different directions. Another is the local slowness method (Xie et al, 2005), which does allow overlapping waves, but suffers from low angular resolution.…”

Snapshot Wavefield Decomposition for Heterogeneous Velocity Media

“…More recently it has become an integral part in subsurface imaging using Reverse Time Migration (RTM), as it can reduce artifacts introduced by the RTM migration operator (Díaz and Sava, 2015). This led to the introduction of Poynting decomposition, by Yoon and Marfurt (2006), as an alternative to the computationally expensive plane-wave decomposition. Holicki et al (2016) developed a novel exact decomposition alternative for homogeneous media, that circumvents Poynting decomposition's inaccuracies due to wavefield interference.…”