Reverse reconstruction of surface topography from residual stress after chip‐forming machining of the material

Abstract

Residual stress is induced in the sample of a material stressed by external forces (tension, pressure, thermal stress, etc.) from the beginning of the stress. An instantaneous level is a function of the intensity of the external deformation work, the time and speed of the deformation, and the degree of immediate surface and volume deformation. It is proportional to the individual deformation limits, i. e., the elastic limit, yield point, flexural strength and breach limit; the maximum is reached at the level of the breach limit. Furthermore, it is dependent on the physical‐mechanical properties of the material and on the method, i. e., the technology of straining, or machining. The same applies to the roughness distribution and other topographical features on the machined surface. The tension that has not been exhausted is partly returned to the volume of the sample and partly acts in contact with space, within a certain distance and time. This paper aims to present a reverse reconstruction of the surface topography from residual stresses after chip‐forming machining of the material. Our original approach to the solution fully exploits the rules of roughness distribution and other topographic features of the surfaces of the given materials after machining, not only by chip‐forming machining.

Evaluation of Retained Austenite in Carburized Bearing Steel Using Magneto-Inductive Method

“…Transformation of RA in service causes dimensional instability of hardened bearing components. Hence, RA can be detrimental for the application requiring tighter tolerance, while more RA can be beneficial in the scenario mentioned earlier [5,[11][12][13][14][15]. Consequently, optimizing RA content to achieve the best combination of desired properties is important.…”