Reverse latitudinal diversity gradients, exceptions that prove the rule?

Morales‐Castilla, Ignacio; Valdés, Raúl García

doi:10.7818/ecos.2014.23-1.02

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…One significant pattern detected in vernal pool water was a significant latitude-diversity relationship, but this was inverted, with higher evenness at higher latitudes. Some ecological explanations for such inverted gradients rely on specific interactions between taxa—for example, predation—and theories of energy around environmental systems [ 30 ]. We suggest that the most likely explanation for this relationship is related to precipitation, as much higher precipitation rates occur at higher latitudes along our sampling transect, previous studies have addressed a climate-latitudinal diversity gradient in other temporal freshwater bodies [ 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may result in more uneven communities. Based on the limited energy hypothesis behind latitudinal diversity—which states that sunlight is directly correlated with plant productivity and species biodiversity [ 30 ]—another possible explanation is that higher primary production in Northern California is a reflection of longer growth periods (due to greater precipitation rates), with inundated vernal pools lasting longer and favoring higher diversity. Moreover, the inverse prokaryotic diversity gradient observed among these study sites may be associated with eukaryotic diversity patterns, which we did not evaluate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Archaeal and Bacterial Diversity and Distribution Patterns in Mediterranean-Climate Vernal Pools of Mexico and the Western USA

et al. 2021

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Biogeographic patterns in microorganisms are poorly understood, despite the importance of microbial communities for a range of ecosystem processes. Our knowledge of microbial ecology and biogeography is particularly deficient in rare and threatened ecosystems. We tested for three ecological patterns in microbial community composition within ephemeral wetlands—vernal pools—located across Baja California (Mexico) and California (USA): (1) habitat filtering; (2) a latitudinal diversity gradient; and (3) distance decay in community composition. Paired water and soil samples were collected along a latitudinal transect of vernal pools, and bacterial and archaeal communities were characterized using 16S rDNA sequencing. We identified two main microbial communities, with one community present in the soil matrix that included archaeal and bacterial soil taxa, and another community present in the overlying water that was dominated by common freshwater bacterial taxa. Aquatic microbial communities were more diverse in the north, and displayed a significant but inverted latitudinal diversity pattern. Aquatic communities also exhibited a significant distance-decay pattern, with geographic proximity, and precipitation explaining part of the community variation. Collectively these results indicate greater sensitivity to spatial and environmental variation in vernal pool aquatic microbial communities than in soil microbial communities. We conclude that vernal pool aquatic microbial communities can display distribution patterns similar to those exhibited by larger organisms, but differ in some key aspects, such as the latitudinal gradient in diversity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeal and Bacterial Diversity and Distribution Patterns in Mediterranean-Climate Vernal Pools of Mexico and the Western USA

et al. 2021

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“…A large-scale theory of latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) which explains the trend that diversity accumulates in tropical regions is probably the most studied pattern and best known event. This approach was noted by Foster in 1778 and later by Humboldt in 1807 [42][43][44] although [45] believe that the latitude itself is not an ecological gradient, if the numerous factors that vary with latitude may be responsible for creating such patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphology and Altitude Effects on Diversity and Structure of Vanishing Montane Forest of Southern Ecuador

Cabrera¹,

Benítez²,

Cumbicus³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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1) Background: Neotropical montane forests represent one of the most diverse ecosystems; however, they are also the most threatened for deforestation. Our main goal is to evaluate the change in Basal Area (BA), Density and Species Composition of montane forests in the southern Ecuador and to determine the influence on some critical ecological and geomorphological factors. 2) Methods: One hundred thirty-two temporary plots of 400 m2 each were installed; we identified and measured all trees> 10 cm DBH. We modeled species diversity (Fisher’s alpha) change in relation to climatic, elevational and geomorphological gradients with GLM and Kruskall-Wallis analyses. The change in composition was determined using Cluster Analyses (BIOENV analysis followed by a LINKTREE procedure). Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) was used to analyze changes across climatic and geomorphological gradients. Finally, we used SIMPER analysis to identify the species that contributed most to the dissimilarity among the different elevations. 3) Results: Formation of floristic groups was influenced by altitude, temperature and Isothermality; physiographic province, great landscape, geological landscape and lithology. Plots located in low hills have higher alpha diversity with respect to the high hills and dissected mountains. 4) Conclusions: The elevation is first hierarchical factor responsible of the division of structural and floristic groups. Plots located on the whitish tuff have a higher alpha value diversity compared with plots in andesitic tuffs. Wettest quarter (> 839 mm) and Isothermality (> 90.5) are the climatic factors that driven de floristic divisions.

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“…La reducción de la riqueza de especies con el incremento de la latitud, tendencia conocida como gradiente latitudinal de diversidad (GLD de aquí en adelante) es uno de los patrones más consistentes en biogeografía (Sax, 2001), incluyendo evidencia a favor para grupos de organismos tan disímiles como mamíferos, peces, insectos y plantas (ver revisión en Willig, Kaufman y Stevens, 2003). A pesar de esta generalidad, algunos estudios han documentado excepciones al GLD las cuales, no obstante, pueden contribuir en la elucidación de los mecanismos que explican dicho gradiente (Morales-Castilla y García-Valdés, 2014). En este contexto, la puesta a prueba del GLD con información empírica incrementa la probabilidad de que pueda entenderse la medida en que este es universal y los contextos en los que existen excepciones (Ruggiero, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Patrones de diversidad de aves a lo largo de un gradiente latitudinal de bosques ribereños del río Paraná medio, Argentina

Berduc¹,

Lorenzón²,

Beltzer³

2015

Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad

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a lo largo de un gradiente latitudinal de 500 km de bosques ribereños. Se muestrearon 5 localidades ubicadas en dirección norte-sur mediante una técnica mixta: transectos y puntos de conteo. La riqueza de especies decreció con el incremento de la latitud, reproduciendo el patrón de la riqueza regional informado en estudios previos. Los resultados apoyaron la «hipótesis de más individuos» como mecanismo explicativo del patrón latitudinal de diversidad, puesto que se encontró un gradiente latitudinal de riqueza y abundancia. La diversidad beta y la equidad no variaron latitudinalmente. Los resultados encontrados muestran que el componente alfa de la diversidad es más importante que el componente beta en cuanto a su influencia sobre el patrón latitudinal negativo de la riqueza regional de aves en un área subtropical. A pesar de las características ambientales exclusivas de los corredores ribereños, se encontró un patrón latitudinal negativo de la diversidad alfa, el cual está extendido en ambientes de tierra firme.

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Reverse latitudinal diversity gradients, exceptions that prove the rule?

Cited by 10 publications

References 70 publications

Archaeal and Bacterial Diversity and Distribution Patterns in Mediterranean-Climate Vernal Pools of Mexico and the Western USA

Archaeal and Bacterial Diversity and Distribution Patterns in Mediterranean-Climate Vernal Pools of Mexico and the Western USA

Geomorphology and Altitude Effects on Diversity and Structure of Vanishing Montane Forest of Southern Ecuador

Patrones de diversidad de aves a lo largo de un gradiente latitudinal de bosques ribereños del río Paraná medio, Argentina

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