Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate with a new catalytic system, FeCl3/isophthalic acid

Zhu, Shenmin; Yan, Deyue; Zhang, Guosheng

doi:10.1002/1099-0518(20010315)39:6<765::aid-pola1050>3.0.co;2-h

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has been reported that reverse ATRP of methyl methacrylate was successfully carried out with SmCl 3 /lactic acid catalyst system (38). Other organic acids, such as pyromellitic acid (39), isophthalic acid (40)(41)(42)(43), imiondiacetic acid (44,45), and succinic acid (46,47) have also been acted as a ligand in ATRP and reverse ATRP systems.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Samarium(III)-based AGET ATRP of Acrylonitrile Using Ascorbic Acid as Reducing Agent

Chen

Liu

et al. 2011

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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Atom transfer radical polymerization using activators generated by electron transfer (AGET ATRP) of acrylonitrile (AN) initiated by ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate (EBiB) was approached for the first time in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of air, using a novel catalyst system based on SmBr 3 ·6H 2 O/isophthalic acid complexes and using ascorbic acid (VC) as a reducing agent. Both the polymerization in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of air proceeded in a well-controlled manner as evidenced by kinetic studies. Compared with the polymerization in the absence of oxygen, the polymerization in the presence of air provided rather slow reaction rate and showed better control of molecular weight and its distribution under the same experimental conditions. The polymerization apparent activation energies in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of air were calculated to be 47.1 and 51.3 kJ·mol −1 , respectively. A slow polymerization rate and a broad polydispersity index were observed using anisole and toluene instead of DMF as solvent. Polyacrylonitrile obtained was successfully used as a macroinitiator to proceed the chain extension polymerization of styrene via AGET ATRP in the presence of air.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Samarium(III)-based AGET ATRP of Acrylonitrile Using Ascorbic Acid as Reducing Agent

Chen

Liu

et al. 2011

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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“…The control of macromolecular architecture has become an important topic of contemporary polymer science because well‐defined polymer microstructures promise new material properties. Nowadays, significant progress has been made in the field of living free‐radical polymerization, including nitroxide‐mediated stable free‐radical polymerization,1–4 atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP),5–10 reverse ATRP,11–14 and reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer 15–18. Among them, transition‐metal‐mediated ATRP has been extensively studied and successfully applied to the synthesis of well‐defined macromolecular architectures such as comb,19–21 star,22–25 and dendritic macromolecules 26–30.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atom transfer radical copolymerization of n‐hexylmaleimide and styrene in an ionic liquid

Zhao

Jian-min

Jiang

et al. 2002

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Dendritic polyarylether 2‐bromoisobutyrates of different generations (Gn‐Br, n = 1–3) as macroinitiators for the atom transfer radical copolymerization of N‐hexylmaleimide and styrene in an ionic liquid, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, were investigated. The copolymerization carried out in the ionic liquid with CuBr/pentamethyldiethylenetriamine as a catalyst at room temperature afforded polymers with well‐defined molecular weights and low polydispersities (1.18 < Mw/Mn < 1.36, where Mw is the weight‐average molecular weight and Mn is the number‐average molecular weight), and the resultant copolymers possessed an alternating structure over a wide range of monomer feeds (f1 = 0.3–0.8). Meanwhile, the copolymerization was also conducted in anisole at 110 °C under similar conditions so that the effect of the reaction media on the polymerization could be evaluated. The monomer reactivity ratios showed that the tendency to form alternating copolymers for the two monomers was stronger in ionic liquids than in anisole. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 3360–3366, 2002

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“…A similar phenomenon has also been observed in refs. [14][15][16]. Some side reactions maybe occurred during the process of polymerization because NBS is a highly regioselective bromination reagent [9,10].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene initiated by the novel initiator N-bromosuccinimide

Zhang

Zhu

2004

E-Polymers

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Heterogeneous atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene initiated by N-bromosuccinimide in bulk was successfully carried out with CuBr/2,2'-bipyridine as the catalyst. The kinetics follow first order in monomer and molecular weights (polydispersities M w /M n = 1.23 -1.66) increase linearly with monomer conversion, indicating the 'living'/controlled nature of the polymerization. However, the number-average molecular weights were usually higher than the theoretical ones. That demonstrates the relatively low efficiency of the initiator, the causes of which are discussed. The obtained polystyrenes functionalized with α-α-pyrrolidine-2,5-dionyl and ω-Br as the end groups were characterized by 1 H NMR spectroscopy. They can be used as macroinitiators for chain extension reaction. A polymerization mechanism for this novel initiation system is proposed.

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Reverse atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate with a new catalytic system, FeCl3/isophthalic acid

Cited by 32 publications

References 16 publications

Samarium(III)-based AGET ATRP of Acrylonitrile Using Ascorbic Acid as Reducing Agent

Samarium(III)-based AGET ATRP of Acrylonitrile Using Ascorbic Acid as Reducing Agent

Atom transfer radical copolymerization of n‐hexylmaleimide and styrene in an ionic liquid

Atom transfer radical polymerization of styrene initiated by the novel initiator N-bromosuccinimide

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