Reversal of Diazepam Tolerance and Withdrawal-induced Hyper Locomotor Activity and Anxiety by Melatonin in Mice

Joshi, Dipesh; Naidu, Pattipati S.; Kulkarni, Shrinivas K.

doi:10.5214/ans.0972.7531.2006.130202

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Though both groups of mice displayed anxiety-like behavior in the open field, they also showed reduced locomotion. Unlike our findings, hyper-locomotion, a typical symptom of spontaneous withdrawal, is detected after abrupt cessation of diazepam [125]. Possible that testing could produce anxiety-like behaviors concomitant with hyper-locomotion at later time points.…”

Section: Behavioral Withdrawalcontrasting

confidence: 98%

“…As defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5 th Edition (DSM-V), tolerance is operationally defined as a loss of efficacy to a given effect at a given dose or the need for higher doses for the same effect [1]. Tolerance due to chronic BZ treatment is well documented in rodents [109,112,[120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131]. A main BZ that is used to investigate sedative tolerance is diazepam.…”

Section: Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Repeated Zolpidem Treatment Effects on Sedative Tolerance, Withdrawal, mRNA Levels, and Protein Expression

Wright¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zolpidem and benzodiazepines (BZs) potentiate the inhibitory action of gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) by allosterically binding to GABAA receptors (GABAAR). Prolonged use of GABAAR positive allosteric modulators (PAM) can lead to behavioral tolerance, the diminished response to the same drug dose with repeated use, and withdrawal, a group of symptoms that occur due to abrupt end of drug treatment. Zolpidem is a short-acting, non-BZ GABAAR PAM whose potential for tolerance and withdrawal is unclear. Zolpidem demonstrates sedative efficacy similar to BZs and has become a main treatment of insomnia in lieu of BZs. Zolpidem replaced BZs due to lower incidences of tolerance and withdrawal after prolonged treatment and discontinuation. Despite reported lower incidences, some studies find the occurrence of tolerance and withdrawal similar between zolpidem and BZs. Tolerance and withdrawal symptoms are likely caused by drug-induced neuroadaptive changes in central nervous system (CNS) functioning, and these alterations may be similar between zolpidem and BZ. Past rodent research suggests that long term use of zolpidem and BZs may produce alterations in normal inhibitory GABAergic and excitatory glutamatergic functioning in the cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and PFC and that these alterations may underlie sedative tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. INSOMNIA TREATMENT ISSUES.

show abstract

Section: Behavioral Withdrawalcontrasting

confidence: 98%

Section: Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated Zolpidem Treatment Effects on Sedative Tolerance, Withdrawal, mRNA Levels, and Protein Expression

Wright¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…for 21 days it induces anxiogenic reaction in mice. 44 It is, therefore, also useful in evaluation of anti-amnesic drugs. 45,46 MK 801 and L-NNA impair LTP by blocking NMDA receptor and inhibiting nitric oxide synthase enzyme respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacopa monniera selectively attenuates suppressed Superoxide dismutase activity in diazepam induced amnesic mice

Prabhakar

Saraf

Banik

et al. 2011

ANS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundAmnesia is characterized by loss of memory that could result from abnormal neuro-chemical homeostasis, genetic predisposition or drug abuse. We earlier reported that B. monniera attenuates diazepam, scopolamine and L-NNA induced amnesia and wanted to test if SOD levels were affected by its administration.PurposeB. monniera is earlier reported to augment the defense system for oxidative stress by increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase, therefore, we investigated its levels after B. monniera administration in combination with different amnesic agents.MethodsWe treated mice with amnesic agents such as scopolamine, diazepam, L-NNA and MK 801 either with or without B. monniera.ResultsDiazepam (1.75 mg/kg ip) significantly reduced SOD activity while it was unaltered when Scopolamine (0.1 mg/kg ip), MK 801 (0.17 mg/kg ip) and L-NNA (30 mg/kg ip) were administered. B. monniera significantly attenuated diazepam induced suppression of SOD activity.ConclusionIt is suggested that the mechanism of B. monniera’s antiamnesic effect may vary depending on the type of amnesic agent used. However, antioxidant mechanism may be central to evoking the memory enhancing effects of B. monniera against diazepam induced amnesia.

show abstract

Reversal of Diazepam Tolerance and Withdrawal-induced Hyper Locomotor Activity and Anxiety by Melatonin in Mice

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Repeated Zolpidem Treatment Effects on Sedative Tolerance, Withdrawal, mRNA Levels, and Protein Expression

Repeated Zolpidem Treatment Effects on Sedative Tolerance, Withdrawal, mRNA Levels, and Protein Expression

Bacopa monniera selectively attenuates suppressed Superoxide dismutase activity in diazepam induced amnesic mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About