Reversal of diabetic cataract by sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor

Beyer‐Mears, A.; Cruz, E.

doi:10.2337/diabetes.34.1.15

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…Recently, the advanced activity of the polyol pathway, which re-sults in the accumulation of sorbitol from glucose by an enzyme aldose reductase, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of some chronic complications in the diabetics (1,2). Many publications so far indicate that these complications include cataracts (3)(4)(5), peripheral neuropathy (6,7), and, recently, retinopathy (8) and nephropathy (9). It has also been shown that cataracts and peripheral neuropathy can be improved by aldose reductase inhibitors in experimental animals (4,5) and, recently, in clinical trials (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Aldose Reductase Activities by Kampo Medicines

Aida¹,

Shindo²,

Tawata³

et al. 1987

Planta Med

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131itional medicine "Flachimi-Gan" act as insulin-like substances and, consequently, the above natural drugs may partly reduce the elevation of serum insulin levels without affecting glucose levels in rats fed the high sugar diet. Furthermore, cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde were isolated as anti-lipolytic substances from Cinnamomi cortex. It was reported that cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde inhibited the VLDL synthesis from acetate in rat hepatocytes (14). Therefore, these finding suggested that the cinnamic acid and cinnamic aldehyde content of Cinnamomi cortex may prevent the hyperlipemia caused by the high sugar diet. Moreover, in the present work, we fractionated the acetone extracts of Moutan cortex as antilipolytic substances and are now investigating the isolation and structure of these anti-lipolytic and lipogenic substances from the above extracts.Abstract: Four kampo medicines, Shu-Jing-Huo-Xie-Tang (SJHXT),

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Aldose Reductase Activities by Kampo Medicines

Aida¹,

Shindo²,

Tawata³

et al. 1987

Planta Med

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“…Diabetes 42:1737-44, 1993 I n diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia contributes to complications including cataract, retinopathy, nephropathy, and polyneuropathy (1). The hypothesis is supported by observations showing either decrease or depletion of intracellular Ml content in ocular lens (4,5), renal glomerular tissue (6), and peripheral nerve (3) in experimental diabetes. The hypothesis is supported by observations showing either decrease or depletion of intracellular Ml content in ocular lens (4,5), renal glomerular tissue (6), and peripheral nerve (3) in experimental diabetes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

“…In the presence of hyperglycemia, many tissues prone to diabetic complications exhibit decreased Ml influx and content (5,14,15). Three different types of inhibition kinetics of Ml influx have been reported: competitive, noncompetitive, and mixed inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms for D-Glucose Inhibition of myo-Inositol Influx Into Rat Lens

1993

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Myo-Inositol depletion as a result of hyperglycemia is considered one of the leading contributors to chronic diabetic complications. We investigated the possible mechanisms through which elevated extracellular glucose levels affect the loss of intracellular myo-inositol in rat lens. Short-term incubation (up to 4 h) in solutions with elevated glucose concentrations revealed a concentration-dependent inhibition of myo-inositol influx. This inhibition was caused by both an increase of the transport coefficient and a decrease of maximal flux and thus was a mixed competitive and noncompetitive inhibition. If polyol accumulation was prevented with sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor, the inhibition of myo-inositol influx was partially reduced. The remaining inhibition was the result of an increased transport coefficient without a change in maximal flux and therefore represents a strictly competitive inhibition. A similar competitive inhibition was observed with the nonmetabolizable glucose analogue L-glucose, which cannot be converted to polyol. Longer exposure (16 h) to solutions with high glucose concentrations resulted in an inhibition that correlated with high lens polyol levels. This inhibition persisted after the lenses were returned to solutions with normal glucose concentrations and was the result of a decrease of maximal flux without a significant change in transport coefficient, a strictly noncompetitive inhibition. The noncompetitive inhibition associated with polyol accumulation and the competitive inhibition due to extracellular glucose were additive. Lens myo-inositol depletion after exposure to elevated glucose concentrations thus resulted from a competitive inhibition caused by the interaction of extracellular glucose with the myo-inositol carrier and a noncompetitive inhibition associated with polyol accumulation.

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“…In our screening system to discover new preventive agents for diabetic complications from medicinal herbs, an EtOH extract of this plant showed strong inhibitory activity on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR). Previous studies demonstrated that over‐expressed aldose reductase (AR), the key enzyme in the polyol pathway, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diabetic complications such as cataract formation 7. Some applications of HSCCC have been reported for the separation of flavonoids from several plant sources such as Ampelopsis grossedentata , Trollius ledebouri , Taraxacum mongolicum , Radix Astragali , and Nelumbo nucifera 8–12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single‐step separation of bioactive flavonol glucosides from Osteomeles schwerinae by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography

Lee

Jang

Yoo

et al. 2010

J of Separation Science

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This study employed the online HPLC-2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate radical cation (ABTS(+*)) bioassay to rapidly determine antioxidant compounds occurring in the licorice extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis. The negative peaks of the ABTS(+*) radical scavenging detection system, which indicated the presence of antioxidant activity, were monitored by measuring the decrease in absorbance at 734 nm. The ABTS(+)-based antioxidant activity profile showed that three peaks exhibited antioxidant activity, and then the high-speed counter-current chromatography technique of preparative scale was successfully applied to separate the three peaks I-III in one step from the licorice extract. The high-speed counter-current chromatography was performed using a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (6.5:5.5:6:4, v/v). Yields of the three peaks, dehydroglyasperin C (I, 95.1% purity), dehydroglyasperin D (II, 96.2% purity), and isoangustone A (III, 99.5% purity), obtained were 10.33, 10.43, and 6.7% respectively. Chemical structures of the purified dehydroglyasperin C (I), dehydroglyasperin D (II), and isoangustone A (III) were identified by ESI-MS and (1)H- and (13)C-NMR analysis.

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Reversal of diabetic cataract by sorbinil, an aldose reductase inhibitor

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Inhibition of Aldose Reductase Activities by Kampo Medicines

Inhibition of Aldose Reductase Activities by Kampo Medicines

Mechanisms for D-Glucose Inhibition of myo-Inositol Influx Into Rat Lens

Single‐step separation of bioactive flavonol glucosides from Osteomeles schwerinae by high‐speed counter‐current chromatography

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