Revealing the size-dependent electrochemical Li-storage behaviors of SiO-based anodes

Abstract

Silicon monoxide (SiO) is a potential high-capacity anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The complexity of lithiation process of SiO and challenges in characterization of the lithiated products are fundamental aspects...

Analysis of the Lithium Storage Mechanism in the SiOx/C Composite Based on the Performance Variation Applied to a Lithium-Ion Battery

“…However, the elemental mapping images show regional vacancies in the Si distribution, which become more severe after 30 cycles (Figure S6 of the Supporting Information). It is likely due to the shrinkage and agglomeration of silicon and the blocking of transport access of lithium ions by the products generated from lithium alloying and dealloying reactions . The SEM image (Figure b) also reflects the negative role of the dense microstructure of the electrode material in enhancing the diffusion of lithium ions, leading to the lowest reversible capacity before the half-cell fails.…”

“…It is likely due to the shrinkage and agglomeration of silicon and the blocking of transport access of lithium ions by the products generated from lithium alloying and dealloying reactions. 4 The SEM image (Figure 6b) also reflects the negative role of the dense microstructure of the electrode material in enhancing the diffusion of lithium ions, leading to the lowest reversible capacity before the half-cell fails. Considering that the intact carbon layer provides sufficient protection for the swelling of silicon, 30 the Si−O skeletons are relatively clean and stretched from 200 to 500 cycles (Figures S7 and S8 of the Supporting Information), contributing to improved cycle performance.…”

“…SiO x (0 < x < 2) serving as one of the most promising candidates shows excellent cycle stability and relatively high specific capacity (about 1800 mAh g –1 ) as a result of the high strength of Si–O bonds, which are twice as strong as Si–Si bonds and serve as a tough skeleton to alleviate the volume expansion (about 200%) of silicon particles during rechargeable lithiation and delithiation processes . Li et al revealed the influence of the size of SiO-based anodes on electrochemical Li storage behaviors, respectively induced molten LiCl to accomplish thermochemical prelithiation of SiO x , and designed a chemical prelithiation system to enhance initial coulombic efficiency with constructing a multifunctional interfacial film for SiO electrodes. − Additionally, the carbon layer as a wrapped buffer can further restrain the repeated volume change and enhance electronic conductivity. For example, Chen et al synthesized a high-performance SiO x /C composite electrode by mixing SiO x particles and kraft lignin.…”

Silicon Nanoparticles Embedded in Chemical-Expanded Graphite through Electrostatic Attraction for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…As an energy storage device, lithium-ion batteries have promising applications in the fields of electronic equipment, power batteries, and large-scale energy storage due to their high capacity, high operating voltage, good cycle performance, and high safety level. , With the continuous improvement of social needs, especially the rapid development of electric vehicles, the energy density limit has become a factor restricting the application of lithium-ion batteries. − The Si-based (4200 mA h g –1 ) material as the negative electrode has more than 10 times the theoretical capacity of the current commercial negative electrode material graphite (372 mA h g –1 ), which is a promising candidate for next-generation commercial lithium-ion battery anode materials . However, the Si anode has defects, such as poor electrical conductivity, severe volume expansion effect, and poor electrolyte interface stability, which restrain it from being widely used. , Due to the many advantages such as high electrical conductivity, high mechanical strength, and good electrolyte compatibility, carbon materials can form a composite material with Si to improve the problems of the Si anode. , The currently prepared commercial Si/C anodes are mainly a supported structure in which Si NPs are fixed on the surface of graphite and then covered by amorphous carbon by ball milling, spray drying, and liquid phase coating. − Due to the low specific surface area of the carbon support, the Si loading is generally low, and it is not conducive to the requirements of higher specific energy lithium-ion batteries.…”

A tri-material trifecta: designing a high-performance electrode for asymmetric supercapacitors and an electrocatalyst for HER applications with Ni3(PO4)2–NbPO4/CNT nanocomposites

“…3,4 SCs have a long cycle life, can function in a broad range of temperatures, and can quickly store and transfer enormous quantities of energy. 5,6 For usage in a variety of industries, including electric cars, renewable energy systems, consumer electronics, aerospace, and more, SCs are being investigated and developed. [7][8][9] Supercapattery is a new energy storage technology combining the best SCs and LIBs.…”