Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei 3H and 3He

Abstract

When protons and neutrons (nucleons) are bound into atomic nuclei, they are close enough together to feel significant attraction, or repulsion, from the strong, short-distance part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. These strong interactions lead to hard collisions between nucleons, generating pairs of highly-energetic nucleons referred to as short-range correlations (SRCs). SRCs are an important but relatively poorly understood part of nuclear structure 1-3 and mapping out the strength and isospin structure (neutron-proton vs proton-proton pairs) of these virtual excitations is thus critical input for modeling a range of nuclear, particle, and astrophysics measurements [3][4][5] . Hitherto measurements used two-nucleon knockout or "triple-coincidence" reactions to measure the relative contribution of np-and pp-SRCs by knocking out a proton from the SRC and detecting its partner nucleon (proton or neutron). These measurements [6][7][8] show that SRCs are almost exclusively np pairs, but had limited statistics and required large model-dependent final-state interaction (FSI) corrections. We report on the first measurement using inclusive scattering from the mirror nuclei 3 H and 3 He to extract the np/pp ratio of SRCs in the A=3 system. We obtain a measure of the np/pp SRC ratio that is an order of magnitude more precise than previous experiments, and find a dramatic deviation from the near-total np dominance observed in heavy nuclei. This result implies an unexpected structure in the high-momentum wavefunction for 3 He and 3 H. Understanding these results will improve our understanding of the short-range part of the N-N interaction.

Explaining Pomeranchuk Effect by Parity of Magnetic Moments of Leptons and Hadrons for Superconductivity in <sup>3</sup>He and Graphene

“…It is important to point out recent experimental results of large team of scientists that substantiates the author's prior prediction [9] [10]. The mirror stable isotopes 3 T and 3 He have higher probabilities of p + -p + and n 0 -n 0 collisions relative to p + -n 0 collisions when compared to collisions in heavier stable nuclei of heavier elements with more p + -n 0 collisions [22].…”

T109 Evaluation of the GEM® Premier™ 5000 with intelligent quality management 2 (IQM®2) at Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University (Beijing, China)

“…Because of the SRC effect, the high momentum tail (HMT) in the momentum distribution of the nucleons in nuclei above the Fermi surface exists [1] and can be measured experimentally. So far much of our knowledge on the SRC, which gives suggestively rise to the EMC effect [2], is obtained from highenergy electron-nucleus scatterings [3][4][5][6] and from proton induced reactions [7,8]. Very recently, it was pointed out that the existence of the HMT nucleons may harden the energy spectrum of the energetic photons emitted in np Bremsstrahlung process in heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies [9].…”

Nuclear three-body short-range correlations in coordinate space

“…two nucleons found close together inside a nucleus, have been studied thoroughly in the last decades [32][33][34]. The universal features of SRC pairs and the dominance of neutronproton (np) pairs have been established based on both experimental studies, using mainly large momentumtransfer quasi-elastic electron-and proton-scattering reactions [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54], and ab-initio many-body calculations [2][3][4][55][56][57][58][59]. A connection to the internal structure of nucleons in nuclei was also revealed [33,41,[60][61][62][63][64][65].…”

“…Similar probabilities can be accessible using large momentum transfer quasi-elastic inclusive electronscattering experiments. For the case of two-body SRCs, pair abundances were extracted from inclusive measurements at appropriate kinematics, defining a 2 as the pernucleon cross section ratio with respect to the deuteron [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. There are ongoing experimental efforts to extract such three-nucleon abundances [66].…”