Revealing the component composition of the multilinear millet variety Quartet during long-term seed production

Abstract

Reducing the pesticide load on natural and agroecosystems in the production of agricultural products in crop production is the most pressing problem of the XXI century. Use of disease-resistant varieties of agricultural crops, which makes it possible to completely exclude the use of some of the pesticides required in the technological cycle, is an ecologically and economically significant factor in modern production. Particularly important in the cultivation of disease-resistant varieties is to reduce the probability of the pathogen developing new virulent properties that overcome this resistance of the variety with a long-term existence in production. These conditions are met by multilinear varieties that are heterogeneous in nature. As an object of analysis, we took the Quartet, multilinear in terms of smut resistance, common millet variety, which has been in production since 2001. The variety, with more than 20 years of cultivation in Russia, neighboring countries, as well as Germany and Switzerland, has shown not only excellent yielding qualities, but also actual resistance to local populations of the pathogen. The authors analyzed the difference from the original composition of the component composition of the variety after many years of production, when reseeding with its own seeds, in the conditions of one farm. On the farm, the obligatory method of treating millet seeds against smut was excluded from the cultivation technology.