Revealing the antimicrobial and enzymatic potentials of culturable fungal endophytes from tropical pitcher plants (Nepenthes spp.)

Lee, J. M.; Tan, W-N.; Ting, Adeline Su Yien

doi:10.5943/mycosphere/5/2/10

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…A standard curve was constructed using N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. One unit is defined as the amount of enzyme required to produce 1 μmol N-acetyl-d-glucosamine per minute under the conditions described [35].…”

Section: Chitinase Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of two leaf rust-resistant Aegilops tauschii accessions for the synthetic wheat development

et al. 2020

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Aegilops tauschii (Ae. tauschii) is a diploid (2n = 2x = 14) wild grass species, which has been reported as the progenitor of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) with D-genome. In this study, 68 Ae. tauschii accessions with diverse geographical backgrounds were investigated for their resistance to infection by the leaf rust fungi Puccinia triticina. Two Ae. tauschii accessions that exhibited hyper-resistance to leaf rust at both seedling and adult stages were identified. Utilizing two susceptible Ae. tauschii ecotypes and keumkang, a common Korean wheat cultivar known to be susceptible to leaf rust, as the negative control, further investigations were conducted for understanding the mechanism underlying immunity to leaf rust disease of these two resistant accessions. Resistant accessions displayed the increased β-1,3-glucanase activity to prevent fungal penetration and the better peroxidase activity to cope with leaf rustinduced oxidative stress. Moreover, transcriptional analyses reveal the important role of the LRR receptor-like serine/ threonine-protein kinase FLS2 (lrr) to the disease resistance of the two ecotypes. Ae. tauschii is a remarkable genetic source, especially for abiotic and biotic stress resistance genes, as the plant is known for its wide-ranging geographical habitat and adaptability to different environments. This, combined with the fact that Ae. tauschii and wheat share a close evolutionary relationship, is indicative of the immense benefit of using Ae. tauschii as a material for improving the quality of synthetic wheat. Our aim was to identify and evaluate the strongest Ae. tauschii contenders for breeding leaf rust-resistant synthetic wheat.

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Section: Chitinase Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of two leaf rust-resistant Aegilops tauschii accessions for the synthetic wheat development

et al. 2020

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“…Rhizosphere soil and plant materials are ideal sources for screening the antagonistic microbes against phytopathogens (Cui, Zhu, Xie, & Huang, 2016;Moni et al, 2016). The microorganisms dwelling in soil and/or on banana peels include bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, which have potential application for the biocontrol of plant diseases (de Costa & Subasinghe, 1998;Gunasinghe, Ikiriwatte, & Karunaratne, 2004;Lee, Tan, & Ting, 2014;Postmaster, Kuo, Sivasithamparam, & Turner, 1997;Ragazzi & Turco, 1997). In the present study, several antagonist strains isolated from orchard soil and plant tissue showed "-" indicates negative reaction; "±" indicates uncertain reaction; "+", "++" and "+++" indicate positive reaction degree of faint, moderate and strong, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and antifungal activity analysis of two biocontrol antagonists to Colletotrichum musae

Shu

Chen

et al. 2017

Journal of Phytopathology

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Postharvest anthracnose of banana caused by Colletotrichum musae is one of the major diseases resulting in huge economic losses worldwide. To control this disease using biocontrol agents, two antagonistic strains SD7 and NB20 with significant inhibitory effects on mycelial growth and conidial germination of C. musae were identified and evaluated in this study. The inhibitory effects of cell‐free culture filtrates of SD7 and NB20 on conidial germination of C. musae were both 100%, and those on mycelial growth of C. musae were 97.7 ± 0.9% and 95.0 ± 0.6%, respectively. The antifungal activities of cell‐free culture filtrates of both strains were still stable after they were stored at 4°C for 6 months. The control efficacies of cell‐free culture filtrates of SD7 and NB20 on postharvest anthracnose of banana were 55.9 ± 4.1% and 33.2 ± 3.9%, respectively. The disease severity (mean scale value) in banana fruit fingers was significantly lower after the treatment with a cultural suspension of the bacterial strain SD7 (1.4 ± 0.49) or actinomycete strain NB20 (2.0 ± 0.63), compared to that in the control (4.8 ± 0.40). After subculturing for 10 generations, the antifungal efficiency of NB20 remained stable, whereas that of strain SD7 declined obviously. Lastly, based on the morphological, physio‐biochemical and molecular characteristics, the bacterial strain SD7 was identified as Burkholderia cepacia, while the actinomycete strain NB20 was identified as Streptomyces katrae. The results from this study will provide the basis for developing an effective and novel biofungicide to control banana anthracnose disease.

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“…Interactions were evaluated after 10 days. When endophytes exhibited either antibiosis or competition, reduced radial growth of the pathogen towards the endophyte was determined as:

Inhibition false(% false) = [\frac{false(R - r false)}{R} \times 100]

where R was the radial growth of the pathogen in the non‐endophyte control, and r the radial growth of the pathogen in dual cultures (Lee et al ., ). Although inhibition zones initially appeared to develop in both antibiosis and competitive interactions, those in antibiosis interactions were stable over time (note interactions after 48 days in Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Significant in vitro antagonism of the laurel wilt pathogen by endophytic fungi from the xylem of avocado does not predict their ability to control the disease

2018

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The ascomycete Raffaelea lauricola causes laurel wilt, a lethal vascular disease of avocado, Persea americana, and other members of the Lauraceae plant family. Few effective control measures for laurel wilt exist and new measures are needed. In this study, biological control of the disease with endophytic fungi from avocado was examined. Thirty-two endophytes (24 operational taxonomic units or OTUs) isolated from the xylem of healthy trees (the infection court of R. lauricola) were evaluated against R. lauricola with in vitro dual-culture assays. Nine OTUs that showed strong in vitro antagonism of the pathogen were tested in planta against laurel wilt. In three greenhouse experiments, grafted avocado plants of Simmonds or Russell cultivars, which are both susceptible to laurel wilt, were inoculated with endophytes and, after 10-16 days, inoculated with the same isolate of R. lauricola that was used in the in vitro assays. Within 14 days of inoculation with R. lauricola, laurel wilt developed in plants that were not treated with endophytes (positive controls) but also developed in endophyte-treated plants to the extent observed in the positive controls (P = 0.05). The pathogen colonized plants rapidly and systemically, but endophytes generally did not colonize xylem more than 2 cm above the point at which plants were inoculated. Although the tested endophytes strongly antagonized the pathogen in vitro, this did not translate to an ability to reduce development of laurel wilt. The management of laurel wilt and other plant diseases with fungal endophytes is discussed.

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Revealing the antimicrobial and enzymatic potentials of culturable fungal endophytes from tropical pitcher plants (Nepenthes spp.)

Cited by 32 publications

References 66 publications

Characterization of two leaf rust-resistant Aegilops tauschii accessions for the synthetic wheat development

Characterization of two leaf rust-resistant Aegilops tauschii accessions for the synthetic wheat development

Identification and antifungal activity analysis of two biocontrol antagonists to Colletotrichum musae

Significant in vitro antagonism of the laurel wilt pathogen by endophytic fungi from the xylem of avocado does not predict their ability to control the disease

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