Reuse of polymer and fibre waste

Bajaj, P.; Sharma, Naveen

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-5854-1_20

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[10] In general, granular activated carbon (AC) coatings have al arger proportion of macro-and micropores compared to AC fabrics, which generally have only micropores of approximately 1nm. [11] As such, AC coatings would allow for faster ion mobility and, thus,h igh power. Further reductions in cell resistance can be achieved by using conductive additives such as carbon black, [12][13][14][15] carbon nanotubes, [16,17] graphene,o rg raphene functionalized with iron groups to increasei nterplatelet conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Composite Supercapacitor

et al. 2016

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Inspired by the design of composite materials, a novel composite supercapacitor is proposed, designed and tested, comprising an integrated cell with high power-and high energy-related electrode materials. The application-specific composite supercapacitors offered a weight reduction of 40-60% compared to same performance supercapacitors based on the high power or on the high energy-related electrode material only. ABSTRACTInspired by the design of composite materials, a novel composite supercapacitor is proposed comprising an integrated cell with high power-and high energy-related electrode materials so that the composite electrochemical double layer capacitor (EDLC) is the equivalent circuit of a high power EDLC of power P1 and energy E1 and a high energy EDLC of power P2 and energy E2 connected in parallel. A methodology is proposed and validated in this study for the design of an application-specific composite supercapacitor of power P and energy E, where P1/E1 > P/E > P2/E2.The methodology was tested successfully in application-specific composite supercapacitors of medium and large size, fabricated in this study in the form of pouch cell with organic electrolyte.The application-specific composite supercapacitors offered a weight reduction of 40-60% compared to same performance supercapacitors based on the high power or on the high energy-related electrode material only.Keywords: activated carbon; electrochemistry; energy storage; power source; supercapacitor. HIGHLIGHTS A novel composite supercapacitor is proposed inspired by composite materials. It comprises a cell integrating high power and high energy electrodes in parallel. A precise methodology is proposed for the design of a composite supercapacitor. The design of application-specific composite supercapacitors was tested successfully. Application-specific composite supercapacitors offered a 40-60% weight reduction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Composite Supercapacitor

et al. 2016

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“…As the past experience has shown, it cannot be economically competitive if only a fraction of the carpet waste collected can be recycled, while the rest has to be sent back to landfills. Many technologies are available and more are being developed to recycle fibrous waste [2,10,[12][13][14][15]. They differ in product quality, potential market volume, processing steps and cost.…”

Section: Fiber Recycling Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nylon 6 is made by polymerizing a single monomer, the caprolactam, and the process may be reversed. Chemical recycling of nylon 6 carpet face fibers has been developed into a closedloop recycling process for waste nylon carpet [15,[47][48][49]. The recovered nylon 6 face fibers are sent to a depolymerization reactor and treated with superheated steam in the presence of a catalyst to produce a distillate containing caprolactam.…”

Section: Polymer Depolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber and Textile Waste Utilization

Wang

2010

Waste Biomass Valor

221

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Due to the growth in world population and overall improvement of living standard, global fiber consumption has been steadily increasing in the past few decades, which leads to a higher amount of post industrial and post consumer fiber waste. This paper provides an overview on fiber and textile recycling, focusing on the case of carpets, which account for a large part of textile waste. It includes a general description of fibrous waste, statistics, material characteristics (compositions) and sources. It also offers a summary on some selected recycling technologies and products from the recycling processes. Observations on future trend and needs for further development are also discussed.

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“…Acids used for the depolymerization of nylon 6 include inorganic or organic acids such as nitric acid, formic acid, benzoic acid, and hydrochloric acid [Bajaj and Sharma, 1997]. Orthophosphoric acid and boric acid are typically used as catalysts at temperatures of 250-350 0 C. In a typical process, superheated steam is passed through the molten nylon 6 waste at 250-300 0 C in the presence of phosphoric acid.…”

Section: Hydrolysis Of Nylonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical recycling of nylon 6 carpet face fibers has been developed into a closed-loop recycling process for waste nylon carpet [Bajaj and Sharma, 1997;Brown, 2001]. The recovered nylon 6 face fibers are sent to a depolymerization reactor and treated with superheated steam in the presence of a catalyst to produce a distillate containing caprolactam.…”

Section: Applications Of Depolymerized Nylonmentioning

confidence: 99%