Returning to the Kamp Mound Group (11C12): Results from Geomagnetic Survey and High-Density Topographic Mapping in Calhoun County, Illinois

McKinnon, Duncan P.; King, Jason; Buikstra, Jane E.; Thornton, Taylor; Herrmann, Jason T.

doi:10.1080/01461109.2016.1209344

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…On small burial mounds and in their surrounding magnetic surveys proved to be successful in uncovering near‐surface anthropogenic structures (e.g. Parzinger, Gass, & Fassbinder, ; McKinnon, King, Buikstra, Thornton, & Herrmann, ). Also, GPR reflection surveys can uncover the location of burials in small tumuli (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Yığma Tepe of Pergamon: stratigraphic construction of a monumental tumulus from seismic refraction measurements

Mecking

Meinecke

Erkul

et al. 2020

Archaeological Prospection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The monumental tumulus Yı gma Tepe is an important part of the cityscape of the ancient city of Pergamon. The tumulus construction is estimated in the Hellenistic period, the internal structure and exact purpose have been unknown so far. Its height of 32 m and diameter of 158 m make the deep interior of the tumulus practically inaccessible for excavations. Therefore, we applied a combination of geophysical measurements and archaeological sondages to explore the structure of the Yı gma Tepe. The investigations centre on P-wave refraction soundings. They were carried out to clarify the stratigraphic structure and soil composition as a prerequisite for a better understanding of construction techniques, building history and soil deposition.Interactive seismic raytracing, traveltime tomography and visco-elastic forward modelling were applied to derive a three-dimensional seismic velocity model, which was validated by excavations and soil analysis, historical records and additional geoelectric measurements. Our results reveal that the tumulus is composed of three layers, each about 10 m thick, separated by first-order seismic discontinuities which were locally verified. These layers form a stack of conical disks, the interfaces of which define two internal plateaus. The analysis of soil samples showed that the seismic velocity increase at the interfaces is likely to be caused by anthropogenic compaction applied to soils showing increased fractions of silt and clay. By combining topographic data with results from seismic and geoelectric sounding on the tumulus, the surrounding trench and the unaltered surrounding area, we show that the tumulus was built almost completely from the surrounding soils and that 17% of its original volume was displaced by destruction and erosion. Based on this mass balance the strongly destroyed and eroded original surface of the tumulus and its surrounding trench is reconstructed.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Yığma Tepe of Pergamon: stratigraphic construction of a monumental tumulus from seismic refraction measurements

Mecking

Meinecke

Erkul

et al. 2020

Archaeological Prospection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mound 2 contains the clearest evidence of a central burial chamber, indicated by a positive anomaly nearly 3 m in length and about 1.5 m wide. Mound 3 differs in form and may represent an elongated or biconical mound structure as at the Kamp Mound Group (11C12) in Illinois (McKinnon et al 2016). Kamp Mound 7 may consist of either two sequentially constructed tomb complexes that were capped simultaneously or a primary tomb complex with an intrusive tomb and extended ramp that were later capped.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several assumptions underlie the method we use to estimate mound height and volume: (1) the maximum diameter of each mound's magnetic signature approximates the mound's actual diameter, (2) the original form of each mound approximated a spherical cap (i.e., a dome), and (3) height-diameter relationships of nearby mounds can be used to estimate those relationships for the Gast Farm mounds. Assumption 1 is based on the observation that geophysical surveys of extant mounds show concordance between observed and magnetically surveyed mound edges (e.g., McKinnon et al 2016), although we may underestimate mound diameters because final capping episodes probably extended mound boundaries beyond the edges of detectable sub–plow zone magnetic signatures. Assumption 2 recognizes that although many mounds have tapered rather than dome-like profiles, tapering is slight on minimally disturbed mounds (e.g., Charles et al 1988; Herold 1971; Walker 1952).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of Havana Hopewell Middle Woodland mound sites in the Illinois and Mississippi River valleys are no exception, employing geophysical survey primarily at extant rather than leveled earthworks. Magnetometry and other methods have discerned internal features of mounds at four sites in the lower Illinois River valley (Herrmann et al 2014; King et al 2017; McKinnon et al 2016). Likewise, McCullough's (2018) geophysical survey of the extant Nadine Mound Group (11HE69) on the Mississippi River bluffs in western Illinois detected central (presumably mortuary) features and possible accretional mound stages.…”

Section: Detecting Leveled Moundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Geophysical Detection and Assessment of Leveled Mounds: An Example from the Upper Mississippi Valley

Green

Wiewel²,

Vore³

2021

Am. Antiq.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Most earthen burial mounds of eastern North America have been destroyed—or have they? We review geophysical methods for assessing whether leveled mounds retain intact deposits or features. Magnetic survey holds promise for locating and evaluating leveled mounds because it is rapid and sensitive to magnetic variations associated with anticipated features such as pits and deposits of mound fill. As a case study, we discuss our magnetic survey of the Gast Farm site (13LA12) in eastern Iowa. The survey covered 8.64 ha, encompassing loci of one previously reported mound and possible geometric earthworks as well as Middle and Late Woodland habitation areas. Interpretation of survey results incorporated quantitative differentiation of magnetic anomaly types using GIS techniques, along with standard visual inspection. We found no evidence of geometric earthworks but identified at least six leveled mounds. Displaced mound fill appears to account for the earthwork-like features. We conclude that leveled mounds are detectable and may retain subsurface integrity. Their associated features, including burials, may be identifiable even when above-ground evidence has disappeared.

show abstract

“…Magnetic survey is often used to investigate ironware, oven sites, roads, ditches and pits, buried pathways, buried stone foundations and ancient tombs, etc. (Eppelbaum et al, 2010;Herrmann & Hammer, 2019;McKinnon et al, 2016;Vella et al, 2018). In particular, the magnetic method is most effective for detecting the features associated with fire, such as firebricks, kilns, pottery, hearths and campfire sites (Batayneh, 2011;Taha et al, 2011;Tema & Ferrara, 2019;Trinks & Larssons, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological magnetic survey to find salt production sites, using located Euler deconvolution: An application in Onchon County, Nampho, DPRK

Pang¹,

Jon²

2022

Archaeometry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present the results of archaeological magnetic surveys in Onchon County, Nampho, DPRK. At Wonup Workers' district in Onchon County, there are tens of heaps containing ash piles, which are seen as sites associated with salt production. The goal of the magnetic surveys was to investigate the relationships between the brine pan sites and the heaps containing ash piles within the study area. The archaeological and magnetic investigations in the study area has revealed that such areas, corresponding to the high magnetic intensity occurrence on the thick ash piles near the brine pits and ditches, could be chosen as the detailed survey areas to find salt production sites. Interpretation of the results demonstrated the reliability of located Euler deconvolution in the presence of complex magnetization effects due to various archaeological remains such as brine pan sites, kilns and potteries. The data processing and interpretation techniques presented in this article could assist in further opportunities to undertake nondestructive investigations of brine pan sites in Wonup area.

show abstract

Returning to the Kamp Mound Group (11C12): Results from Geomagnetic Survey and High-Density Topographic Mapping in Calhoun County, Illinois

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

The Yığma Tepe of Pergamon: stratigraphic construction of a monumental tumulus from seismic refraction measurements

The Yığma Tepe of Pergamon: stratigraphic construction of a monumental tumulus from seismic refraction measurements

Geophysical Detection and Assessment of Leveled Mounds: An Example from the Upper Mississippi Valley

Archaeological magnetic survey to find salt production sites, using located Euler deconvolution: An application in Onchon County, Nampho, DPRK

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About