Return to work after spinal cord injury in Taiwan: The contribution of functional independence

Jang, Yuh; Wang, Yen Ho; Wang, Jung‐Der

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2004.10.025

Cited by 64 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The finding that having less years in education and being older at the time of injury were associated with longer time to return to work was not unexpected, in that these characteristics have been consistently shown to even affect the likelihood of ever returning to work in the first place. [13][14][15] Studies that looked into time to return also showed that these factors were negatively related to time 6,9 and the need for rehabilitation professionals to either look into further education or training or other possible measures to expedite work resettlement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Return to work after spinal cord injury: factors related to time to first job

et al. 2011

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Study design: Cross-sectional survey. Objectives: To investigate factors related to length of time between spinal cord injury (SCI) onset and start of first post-injury employment. Setting: Persons living with SCI in the community who are members of a disability support organization. Methods: Participants were randomly selected from the membership list of a non-governmental voluntary organization. They met the following four criteria: traumatic SCI, minimum of 15 years of age at the time of survey, a minimum of 2 years after SCI and had been employed for some time since SCI. The main outcome measure was time (in years) from injury onset to beginning first post-injury job. Results: Participants averaged 4.9 years (s.d. 5.1) from the time of SCI to their first post-injury job, with a range of 3 months to 20 years. Fifty percent of the participants who eventually returned to work had done so by 4 years. Return to pre-injury employer and employment were associated with early return, whereas having less years in education and being older at the time of injury were associated with longer time to return to work. Conclusion: Rehabilitation team need to consider return to employment as a realistic goal even many years after SCI. Perhaps a focus on returning more people to their pre-injury employer and employment with added focus and input from rehabilitation team for those with lower education status and older age at time of injury might expedite the process of reintegration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Return to work after spinal cord injury: factors related to time to first job

et al. 2011

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“…The significant impact of functional independence level on employment outcome underscores the importance of rehabilitation and this agrees with many other studies' findings as well. 10,16 The ability to drive or ride a modified vehicle was very significant in determining outcome. This potentially removes the barrier of inaccessible public transportation system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5,7,[9][10][11][12][13] The reason for the relatively high rate could possibly be sheer economic necessity. On the other hand, this study found that those receiving financial compensation were less likely to be in employment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 In reviewing factors associated with employment, access issues and financial disincentives were consistently identified as barriers to return to employment. 9,10,11 One factor consistently associated with success was higher educational level. The objectives of this study were to determine the employment outcomes of a sample of local population of persons with SCI and to study the impact of various demographic, injury-related and work-related variables on employment outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Return to work after spinal cord injury in Malaysia

et al. 2011

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Study design: Cross-sectional survey. Objectives: To determine the employment outcomes of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) and to investigate the impact of various demographic, injury-related and work-related variables on these outcomes. Setting: People living with SCI in Malaysia who are members of a disability support organization. Methods: A total of 84 members of the Malaysian Spinal Injury Association, who have had traumatic SCI for at least 2 years and were between 15 and 64 years of age at the time of study, were interviewed through phone using a questionnaire to identify the association between demographic, injury-related and work-related variables and employment outcomes. Results: The return to work rate in this study was 57.1% (employed at the time of study). The overall employment rate after SCI was 76.2% (worked at some point after injury). Those who were younger at time of injury (o20 years of age), able to drive a modified vehicle, independent in personal care and mobility were positively related to being employed. On the other hand, being hospitalized in the preceding 1 year and receiving financial incentives were negatively related to employment. Conclusion: Functional independence, especially ability to drive, was strongly associated with return to work and should be one of the priority goals of comprehensive rehabilitation of persons with SCI. The negative impact of recent hospitalization as well as financial compensation needs to be probed further.

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“…The analysis was completed just as the 6-month intervention was finishing; no one in the intervention group was employed or attending school, whereas 20% (11 out of 55) in the control group were employed and one was attending school. Jang et al 19 performed an observational analysis of individuals who received vocational rehabilitation services compared with those who did not. They found that 50% of employed individuals had received vocational rehabilitation compared with 28% of unemployed individuals.…”

Section: Vocational Rehabilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions for improving employment outcomes among individuals with spinal cord injury: A systematic review

2014

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databases was performed on 31 December 2013. To be included in the review, studies needed to investigate interventions among individuals with SCI where employment was an outcome. Exclusion criteria include (i) reviews, (ii) studies not published in English and (iii) non-peer reviewed publications. Results: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, two were randomized controlled trials. The strongest evidence finds that supported employment can improve employment outcomes among individuals with SCI. The use of service dogs has also been shown to improve employment outcomes. The remaining 12 studies are observational and predominantly focus on vocational rehabilitation programs. Conclusion: There is a dearth of high-quality intervention research that targets employment outcomes in individuals with SCI. Consequently, conclusions are mostly based on evidence from observational studies. Vocational rehabilitation programs are the primary focus of this evidence, but conclusions may be confounded, as individuals may be self-selecting for these programs. Additional randomized trials on employment interventions are needed to overcome these limitations. Studies should aim to identify which components of these programs have the greatest influence on employment outcomes.

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Return to work after spinal cord injury in Taiwan: The contribution of functional independence

Cited by 64 publications

References 16 publications

Return to work after spinal cord injury: factors related to time to first job

Return to work after spinal cord injury: factors related to time to first job

Return to work after spinal cord injury in Malaysia

Interventions for improving employment outcomes among individuals with spinal cord injury: A systematic review

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