Return to work after spinal cord injury: A review of recent research

Yasuda, Satoko; Wehman, Paul; Targett, Pamela; Cifu, David X.; West, Michael

doi:10.3233/nre-2002-17302

Cited by 92 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…It is reported that the probability of employment after SCI improves with increasing time since injury (20,21). Persons who incur their SCI at an older age are much less likely than younger persons to return to work (44). Furthermore, persons injured during adulthood have lower reported employment rates and physical functioning vs those injured in childhood (50).…”

Section: Sci and Vocational Outcomes Rates Of Employment After Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The influence of sex on obtaining employment has shown mixed results. In many cases, men have been found more likely to return to work (3,(56)(57)(58)(59)(60), whereas in some cases, women have been found more likely to be employed after SCI (2,44,49) When type of work is considered, it has been found that men are more likely to return to competitive (paid) employment, whereas women are more likely to be engaged in nonpaid, productive roles (eg, homemaker) (61). However, in a large sample of individuals with SCI in 2 regions of the United States, sex was not predictive of employment status based on logistic regression analyses (8).…”

Section: Sci and Vocational Outcomes Rates Of Employment After Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Critical Factors Related to Employment After Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Research and Vocational Services

Ottomanelli

Lind

2009

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

179

195

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Background/Objective: Employment rates after spinal cord injury (SCI) vary widely because of discrepancies in studies' definition of employment and time of measurement. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive summary of the literature on employment rates, predictors of employment, and the benefits and barriers involved. Methods: A search using the terms spinal cord injury and employment in the databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE. The search included a review of published manuscripts from1978 through 2008. Results: A total of 579 articles were found and reviewed to determine the presence of reported employment rates. Of these, 60 articles were found to include a report of employment rates for individuals with SCI. Results indicated that, in studies that examined paid employment, the average rate of any employment after SCI was approximately 35%. Conclusions: Characteristics associated with employment after SCI include demographic variables, injuryrelated factors, employment history, psychosocial issues, and disability benefit status. It is recommended that researchers studying employment after SCI use common outcome measures such as competitive employment rates, duration of employment, and job tenure. Empirical evidence is lacking in regard to the most effective methods of vocational rehabilitation among this population. Evidence-based supported employment practices seem to be the most applicable model for assisting persons with SCI in restoring meaningful employment. Controlled studies are needed to test this assumption.

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Section: Sci and Vocational Outcomes Rates Of Employment After Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sci and Vocational Outcomes Rates Of Employment After Scimentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Critical Factors Related to Employment After Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Research and Vocational Services

Ottomanelli

Lind

2009

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

179

195

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“…Employment is associated with better functioning, social integration (1,2), better quality of life and adjustment (2)(3)(4), psychological wellbeing (1) and lower mortality (5,6). nevertheless, there are significant barriers to gaining and maintaining employment (7,8). Employment figures range from 21% to 67% (7) and a mean of only 35-40% of individuals with SCI are in paid employment (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of return to work 5 years after discharge for wheelchair-dependentÂ individuals with spinal cordÂ injury

Ferdiana¹,

Post²,

Groot³

et al. 2014

J Rehabil Med

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Return to work after spinal cord injury was relatively high in this study, but entailed considerable changes in the employment situation, especially reduced working hours and less physically intense occupations. Rehabilitation interventions should enhance the skills and qualifications of individuals with physically-demanding pre-injury work in order to improve access to suitable jobs after spinal cord injury. Interventions should focus not only on return to work, but also on the quality of employment, including opportunities to pursue full-time work.

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“…This paper expands on previously reported findings 21 by Fitzharris et al 21 The study of 62 patients admitted to hospital specifically excluded those with moderate or severe head injury and spinal cord injury due to well stated rehabilitation challenges associated with these injuries. 5,16,25 In elaborating on these findings, the aim of this paper is to explore the relationships between injury type, disability, work role and RTW rates.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with return‐to‐work and health outcomes among survivors of road crashes in Victoria

Fitzharris¹,

Bowman²,

Ludlow³

2010

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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The social and economic cost of traffic-related injury in Australia h a s b e e n e s t i m a t e d t o b e $15 billion annually, with lost productivity and workplace disruption representing 23% of this economic cost, second only to vehicle repairs (27%).1 As an expression of social reintegration, return to work (RTW) is perceived to be a key milestone in the rehabilitation of the injured patient. 2There is a significant body of literature examining rates and factors associated with RTW among injured populations. Much of this literature has, however, focused on a particular type of injury such as traumatic brain injury, 3 spinal cord injury 4,5 and lower extremity injury.6 Among inclusive studies, RTW rates range from 60-90%, one to two years following major trauma.2,7-10 Younger age, higher educational level, higher preinjury income and positive social support have been associated with improved RTW outcomes.2,6,9,11 Indicators of injury severity (e.g. length of stay) and disability associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI), spinal cord injury (SCI) and orthopaedic trauma are associated with lower rates of RTW. 2,6,9,[11][12][13] Studies that have examined the nature of 'work' indicate that 'blue collar' or manual workers have slower RTW rates than their 'white collar' counterparts. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that both injury type and severity and the nature of ones occupation have a considerable influence on the rate and pattern of return to work following injury.Further, persisting disability has a direct influence on the likelihood of returning to work. The implications of these findings and the types of data required to measure outcome post-injury are discussed.

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Return to work after spinal cord injury: A review of recent research

Cited by 92 publications

References 48 publications

Review of Critical Factors Related to Employment After Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Research and Vocational Services

Review of Critical Factors Related to Employment After Spinal Cord Injury: Implications for Research and Vocational Services

Predictors of return to work 5 years after discharge for wheelchair-dependentÂ individuals with spinal cordÂ injury

Factors associated with return‐to‐work and health outcomes among survivors of road crashes in Victoria

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