Return to sports activity by athletes after treatment of spondylolysis

Iwamoto, Jun; Satō, Yoshihiro; Takeda, Tsuyoshi; Matsumoto, Hideo

doi:10.5312/wjo.v1.i1.26

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Case series by Sys et al 28 and Iwamoto et al 8 each found a high percentage of return to sport (89.3% and 87.5%, respectively) with nonoperative treatment and bracing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nonoperative Treatment in Lumbar Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis

et al. 2013

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Context:Both spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis can be diagnosed across the life span of sports-participating individuals. Determining which treatments are effective for these conditions is imperative to the rehabilitation professional.Data Sources:A computer-assisted literature search was completed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases (1966-April 2012) utilizing keywords related to nonoperative treatment of spondylolysis and/or spondylolisthesis. Reference lists were also searched to find all relevant articles that fit our inclusion criteria: English language, human, lumbar pain with diagnosed spondylolysis and/or spondylolisthesis, inclusion of at least 1 nonoperative treatment method, and use of a comparative study design.Data Extraction:Data were independently extracted from the selected studies by 2 authors and cross-referenced. Any disagreement on relevant data was discussed and resolved by a third author.Results:Ten studies meeting the criteria were rated for quality using the GRADE scale. Four studies found surgical intervention more successful than nonoperative treatment for treating pain and functional limitation. One study found no difference between surgery and nonoperative treatment with regard to future low back pain. Improvement was found in bracing, bracing and exercises emphasizing lumbar extension, range of motion and strengthening exercises focusing on lumbar flexion, and strengthening specific abdominal and lumbar muscles.Conclusion:No consensus can be reached on the role of nonoperative versus surgical care because of limited investigation and heterogeneity of studies reported. Studies of nonoperative care options suffered from lack of blinding assessors and control groups and decreased patient compliance with exercise programs.

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“…Case series by Sys et al 28 and Iwamoto et al 8 each found a high percentage of return to sport (89.3% and 87.5%, respectively) with nonoperative treatment and bracing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nonoperative Treatment in Lumbar Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis

et al. 2013

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“…145 In another series evaluating the outcomes of pars stress fractures in young athletes, the average time needed to return to sport was 5.4 months. 146 The decision regarding rigid antilordotic bracing remains controversial, though most of the athletes would agree that a period of rest, with or without bracing, until pain free is necessary. 147 Progression to spondylolisthesis of >20% occurs in only about 4% of cases over 7 years of follow-up.…”

Section: Spine ( Pars Interarticularis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Overuse injuries and burnout in youth sports: a position statement from the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine

DiFiori¹,

et al. 2014

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BackgroundYouth sport participation offers many benefits including the development of self-esteem, peer socialisation and general fitness. However, an emphasis on competitive success, often driven by goals of elite-level travel team selection, collegiate scholarships, Olympic and National team membership and even professional contracts, has seemingly become widespread. This has resulted in an increased pressure to begin high-intensity training at young ages. Such an excessive focus on early intensive training and competition at young ages rather than skill development can lead to overuse injury and burnout. PurposeTo provide a systematic, evidenced-based review that will (1) assist clinicians in recognising young athletes at risk for overuse injuries and burnout; (2) delineate the risk factors and injuries that are unique to the skeletally immature young athlete; (3) describe specific high-risk overuse injuries that present management challenges and/or can lead to long-term health consequences; (4) summarise the risk factors and symptoms associated with burnout in young athletes; (5)provide recommendations on overuse injury prevention. MethodologyMedical Subject Headings (MeSHs) and text words were searched on 26 March 2012 from MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The search yielded 953 unique articles. Additional articles were found using cross-referencing. The process was repeated on 10 July 2013 to review any new articles since the original search. Screening by the authors yielded a total of 208 relevant sources that were used for this article. Recommendations were classified using the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT) grading system. Definition of overuse injuryOveruse injuries occur due to repetitive submaximal loading of the musculoskeletal system when rest is not adequate to allow for structural adaptation to take place. Injury can involve the muscletendon unit, bone, bursa, neurovascular structures and the physis. Overuse injuries unique to young athletes include apophyseal injuries and physeal stress injuries. EpidemiologyIt is estimated that 27 million US youth between 6 and 18 years of age participate in team sports. The National Council of Youth Sports survey found that 60 million children aged 6-18 years participate in some form of organised athletics, with 44 million participating in more than one sport. There is very little research specifically on the incidence and prevalence of overuse injuries in children and adolescents. Overall estimates of overuse injuries versus acute injuries range from 45.9% to 54%. The prevalence of overuse injury varies by the specific sport, ranging from 37% (skiing and handball) to 68% (running). Overuse injuries are underestimated in the literature because most of the epidemiological studies define injury as requiring a time loss from participation. Risk factorsPrior injury is a strong predictor of future overuse injury. Overuse injuries may be more likely to occur during the adolescent growth spurt. The physes, apophyses and articular surfaces in skeletally immat...

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“…9,32 Unilateral defects have DISCUSSION t he positive short-term functional outcomes observed for the patients with acute spondylolysis in this study are similar to previously published work. 13,14,[24][25][26][27]45 At discharge, mean pain scores were relatively low (0.20  0.57), and 93% of patients were released to fully return to sport. One hundred percent of patients who were compliant with care were released to all aspects of sport.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Clinical Outcomes and Factors That Predict Poor Prognosis in Athletes After a Diagnosis of Acute Spondylolysis: A Retrospective Review With Telephone Follow-up

Selhorst¹,

Fischer²,

Graft³

et al. 2016

Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy

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® T t STUDY DESIGN:Retrospective review with telephone follow-up. T t BACKGROUND:Acute spondylolytic injuries have a dramatic impact on the young athlete. Excellent short-term clinical outcomes have been observed, but not enough is known about longterm clinical outcomes. T t OBJECTIVES:(1) To report long-term clinical outcomes for patients diagnosed with acute spondylolysis, and (2) to assess the prognostic ability of retrospective variables for long-term outcomes. T t METHODS: Patients from 2010 through 2013were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients and to obtain demographic, baseline, and shortterm outcomes. Long-term follow-up data were collected by telephone from patients diagnosed with acute spondylolysis to assess recurrence rate of low back pain, perceived outcome, pain, and functional ability. Patients were categorized as having a good or poor long-term outcome based on these measures. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the prognostic ability of the retrospective variables for long-term outcomes 3.4 years (range, 1.5-5.6 years) after treatment. T t RESULTS:One hundred twenty-one (71.6%) patients completed the follow-up questionnaire (48 female; mean age at baseline, 14.4 years). At follow-up, 81 (66.9%) patients were able to maintain their same or a higher level of sport. Recurrence of significant symptoms was reported by 55 (45.5%) patients, with 41 (33.9%) requiring medical treatment. The final logistic regression model revealed that female sex, adverse reaction during care, and multilevel injury were significant predictors of poor long-term outcome (R 2 = 0.22).

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Return to sports activity by athletes after treatment of spondylolysis

Abstract: AIM:To clarify the efficacy of conservative and surgical treatment of spondylolysis in athletes.

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

Nonoperative Treatment in Lumbar Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis

Nonoperative Treatment in Lumbar Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis

Overuse injuries and burnout in youth sports: a position statement from the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine

Long-Term Clinical Outcomes and Factors That Predict Poor Prognosis in Athletes After a Diagnosis of Acute Spondylolysis: A Retrospective Review With Telephone Follow-up

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