Return to Schooling for Public and Private Sector Higher Education Institutions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan

Khan, Aamir; Khan, Himayatullah

doi:10.32479/ijefi.10004

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Itisgenerallyobservedinthestockmarketsandempiricallywelldocumentedinfinancialliterature thatwiththefallinstockpricesthevolatilityincreasesmorethanwhenstockpricesclimb (Ewing et al, 2005;Mandimika & Chinzara, 2012;Khan et al, 2016). This "asymmetric" behavior is also referred as "leverage effect" earlier by Black (1976) and Christie (1982) and the reason is, withthedecreaseinstockpricetheriskofstockalsoincreases.Theoretically,theasymmetryand leverageeffectcanitselfbetheoutcomeofsomeothertheoriessuchas"time-varyingriskpremia", asymmetricvolatilityofeconomicfactors",and"volatilityfeedbackeffect"(e.g.…”

Section: Inspiration For Asymmetry and Leverage Effectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Macroeconomic Sensitivity, Risk-Return Trade-Off and Volatility Dynamics Evidence From Developed and Developing Markets

Khan

et al. 2019

International Journal of Corporate Finance and Accounting

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This study aims to examine the impact of macroeconomic factors on the stock return volatility along with the pricing of risk, and asymmetry and leverage effect on a comparative basis for the USA and UAE markets. Further, these three dimensions are also investigated with regard to various firm's features (such as firm's size and age). The daily data for the period 4th January 2010 to 29th December 2017 of firm stock returns from the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange (ADSE), and the Dubai Financial Market (DFM) is considered and three time-series models were applied. The results from GARCH (1. 1) indicated that all the economic factors have significant impact on the stock return volatility in both the markets. Similarly, the study also found evidence of asymmetry & leverage effect using EGARCH in the NYSE (for all firms) and the UAE (partially). Finally, for a majority of the firms, a positive risk-return relationship is found in the UAE and a negative risk-return relationship is found in the NYSE using GARCH-in the mean. Interestingly, these results in context of both markets were different with respect to various firm features such as firm size and age. In light of these results, it is concluded that both the markets have different dynamics with regard to all three dimensions. Hence, the investors have a clear opportunity to diversify their risk and investments across developed and emerging markets.

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Section: Inspiration For Asymmetry and Leverage Effectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Macroeconomic Sensitivity, Risk-Return Trade-Off and Volatility Dynamics Evidence From Developed and Developing Markets

Khan

et al. 2019

International Journal of Corporate Finance and Accounting

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“…Research culture at universities is getting better after the establishment of ORICs at universities in Pakistan. Universities are facing many challenges like inadequate funding, trust gap, policy faults and technological advance laboratory equipment (Khan et al, 2020).…”

Section: Challenges and Barriers In Developing Research Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Research Culture at Public Universities in Pakistan

Rasool,

Dilshad (Corresponding Author)

2023

RJSI

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The study was conducted to explore factors influencing research culture at universities in Pakistan. The present study was delimited to six general public universities in Pakistan. Two universities from each region of Punjab were selected for data collection. PhD faculty members of head of departments were the sample of the study. Interviews for head of departments and faculty members were developed for data collection. Respondents were asked about the factors affecting research culture at universities. The discourses of the respondents explored that institutional support, collaboration and communication, transparency, reward system, diversity and inclusion, national policies and regulations were the major factors that affecting research culture at universities in Pakistan. Findings of the research study explored that institutional support was playing affective role in developing research culture. Institutional support for conducting high quality research involved funding, availability of physical infrastructure, resources, provision of support to young researchers through trainings and workshops, and university policies and managers priorities. Collaboration and communication was an important factor that affects research culture but respondents stated that the situation of collaboration at universities was pathetic. Transparency, credibility and ethical behavior of researchers developed trust that ensured healthy research culture at universities. It was reported that rewards, incentives, appraisal and research grants played a positive role in research production and motivate the researchers to conduct high quality research. Diversity and inclusion had a momentous impact on the research culture at universities. Research teams having different socioeconomic background, experience and mental abilities conduct comprehensive and strong research studies. Policies and regulations about appointment and promotion, smooth funding, developing local and international collaboration, security of intellectual property rights and strict guidelines for research ethics were the major factors that contributed to develop research culture at universities. Results explored that shortage of physical resources, lack of collaboration, unawareness from global trends, funding issues, pressure of publications, institutional bureaucracy, political instability, favoritism and lack of mentorship were major issues that were affecting research culture negatively at universities in Pakistan. Whereas, incentives, expertise of supervisors, conducive work environment, seminars, working in collaboration, autonomy, managerial support, functioning of ORIC, feedback and foreign fellowship were the major factors that were affecting research culture positively at universities in Pakistan.

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Return to Schooling for Public and Private Sector Higher Education Institutions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Macroeconomic Sensitivity, Risk-Return Trade-Off and Volatility Dynamics Evidence From Developed and Developing Markets

Macroeconomic Sensitivity, Risk-Return Trade-Off and Volatility Dynamics Evidence From Developed and Developing Markets

Factors Influencing Research Culture at Public Universities in Pakistan

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