“…Moreover, financial ratios reflect more dimensions of financial performance, such as cost efficiency, gross profit margin, and overall financial performance. Accounting measures have been used in previous studies to identify changes in firm performance following leveraged buyouts, management buyouts, mergers, second-time initial public offerings (IPOs), reverse stock splits, and cross-country nonequity strategic alliances (Kaplan, 1989;DeLong and DeYoung, 2007;Chang, Chen, and Lai, 2008;Klein and Rosenfeld, 2008;Brown, Fee, and Thomas, 2009;Lian and Wang, 2009).…”