Retroviruses and sexual size dimorphism in domestic cats (Felis catus L.)

Pontier, Dominique; Fromont, Emmanuelle; Courchamp, Franck; Artois, Marc; Yoccoz, Nigel G.

doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0278

Cited by 47 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…For this reason we have omitted demography, life history, social interaction, and adaptation from our current models. Models that incorporate more details of the dispersal process, such as behavior and social rank, will provide additional insights into the spread of disease (Pontier et al 1998, Fromont et al 2003. Some of these features have been examined here, but future models should account for sex, age, and life-history stages because these can strongly influence movement patterns and thus disease transmission dynamics in a fragmented landscape.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An agent‐based movement model to assess the impact of landscape fragmentation on disease transmission

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Landscape changes can result in habitat fragmentation and reduced landscape connectivity, limiting the ability of animals to move across space and altering infectious disease dynamics in wildlife. In this study, we develop and implement an agent-based model to assess the impacts of animal movement behavior and landscape structure on disease dynamics. We model a susceptible/infective disease state system applicable to the transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus in bobcats in the urbanized landscape of coastal southern California. Our agent-based model incorporates animal movement behavior, pathogen prevalence, transmission probability, and habitat fragmentation to evaluate how these variables influence disease spread in urbanizing landscapes. We performed a sensitivity analysis by simulating the system under 4200 different combinations of model parameters and evaluating disease transmission outcomes. Our model reveals that host movement behavior and response to landscape features play a pivotal role in determining how habitat fragmentation influences disease dynamics. Importantly, interactions among habitat fragmentation and movement had non-linear and counter-intuitive effects on disease transmission. For example, the model predicts that an intermediate level of non-habitat permeability and directionality will result in the highest rates of between-patch disease transmission. Agent-based models serve as computational laboratories that provide a powerful approach for quantitatively and visually exploring the role of animal behavior and anthropogenic landscape change on contacts among agents and the spread of disease. Such questions are challenging to study empirically given that it is difficult or impossible to experimentally manipulate actual landscapes and the animals and pathogens that move through them. Modeling the relationship between habitat fragmentation, animal movement behavior, and disease spread will improve understanding of the spread of potentially destructive pathogens through wildlife populations, as well as domestic animals and humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An agent‐based movement model to assess the impact of landscape fragmentation on disease transmission

et al. 2014

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“…In contrast, transmission of the feline leukemia virus (FeLV) occurs during affiliative interactions between cats (Fromont et al, 1997). Pontier et al (1998) identified a strong link between orange coloration and increased aggression in cats, and orange cats are more often infected by FIV and less often infected by FeLV (Pontier et al, 1998). The prevalence of FeLV is also higher in urban populations, which are characterized by lower aggression levels.…”

Section: Disease Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wildlife conservation and animal temperament: causes and consequences of evolutionary change for captive, reintroduced, and wild populations

McDougall¹,

Réale²,

Sol³

et al. 2005

Animal Conservation

253

190

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We argue that animal temperament is an important concept for wildlife conservation science and review causes and consequences of evolutionary changes in temperament traits that may occur in captive-breeding programmes. An evolutionary perspective is valid because temperament traits are heritable, linked to fitness and potentially subject to intense selection in captivity. Natural, sexual and artificial selection can cause permanent shifts in temperament, reducing the diversity of temperament traits, diversity that may be critical to reintroduction success. Breeding programmes that ignore temperament risk leading the captive population towards domestication. Furthermore, shifts in temperament may involve alterations in linked morphological and physiological traits, and selection may even change functional relationships between traits. Captive-breeding programmes can reduce changes in temperaments by closely monitoring temperament traits, equalizing reproductive success between temperament morphs and using environmental enrichment to reduce captive stress. Under certain circumstances, knowledge about temperament may also provide a useful tool to optimize captive reproduction and to increase reintroduction success. Outside reintroduction programmes, temperament can mediate responses to human contact, hunting, exploitation, habitat fragmentation and disease transmission. Consideration of temperaments could strengthen both captive and wild conservation efforts.

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“…For example, under natural conditions, the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV; Pedersen 1992) is transmitted through bites during fights between males, or mating between males and females (Bendinelli et al 1995;Pontier et al 1998). However, several different transmission modes (e.g.…”

Section: The Case Of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexually Transmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic extinction and the selection of the transmission mode in microparasites

Bahi-Jaber

Fouchet

Pontier

2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Stochastic fluctuations in the transmission process of microparasites generate a risk of parasite extinction that cannot be assessed by deterministic models, especially in host populations of small size. While this risk of extinction represents a strong selection pressure for microparasites, it is usually not clearly separated from the deterministic ones. We suggest here that this stochastic selection pressure can affect the selection of the transmission mode of microparasites. To avoid extinction, parasites should maximize their inter-population transmission to ensure frequent reintroductions. Since the types of contacts may differ if congeners belong to the same or distinct populations, strains that are mainly transmitted through inter-population contacts might be selected. To examine this assumption, we analyse the issue of the competition between two strains differing in their transmission mode using a stochastic metapopulation model in which hosts may display different behaviours inside and outside their populations. We show that stochastic selection pressures may drive parasite evolution towards a transmission mode that maximizes the persistence of the parasite. We study the conditions under which stochastic selection pressures may surpass the deterministic ones. Our results are illustrated by the cases of feline immunodeficiency virus in cats and of sexually transmitted diseases in mammals.

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Retroviruses and sexual size dimorphism in domestic cats (Felis catus L.)

Cited by 47 publications

References 44 publications

An agent‐based movement model to assess the impact of landscape fragmentation on disease transmission

An agent‐based movement model to assess the impact of landscape fragmentation on disease transmission

Wildlife conservation and animal temperament: causes and consequences of evolutionary change for captive, reintroduced, and wild populations

Stochastic extinction and the selection of the transmission mode in microparasites

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