Retrospective Review of Outcomes of Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients With COVID-19 Infection (Two-Center Study)

Ehsan, Hamid; Britt, Alec; Voorhees, Peter M.; Paul, Biswajit; Bhutani, Manisha; Varga, Cindy; Chiad, Zane; Ragon, Brittany Knick; Abdallah, Al‐Ola; Ahmed, Nausheen; Atrash, Shebli

doi:10.1016/j.clml.2023.01.006

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Previous studies reported that the mortality rate following COVID-19 infection ranged from 22% to 54.8% in hospitalized patients with MM 4,24-26 and 5%-7% in the general population with MM. 16,17 In our study, the mortality rate following COVID-19 was 3.1%, lower than that in early reports. The rates of hospitalization and severe disease were 15.1% and 9.4%, respectively, which were also relatively lower Abbreviations: ASCT, autologous stem cell transplantation; CKD, chronic kidney disease; ISS, international staging system; PR, partial remission; PS, performance status; RRMM, relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…We observed a high infection rate of 80.1% for SARS‐CoV‐2. Previous studies reported that the mortality rate following COVID‐19 infection ranged from 22% to 54.8% in hospitalized patients with MM 4,24–26 and 5%–7% in the general population with MM 16,17 . In our study, the mortality rate following COVID‐19 was 3.1%, lower than that in early reports.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…However, we were unable to find a significant difference of COVID-19-related deaths between the two groups. This could be related to early diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia and severe COVID-19.In previous reports, risk factors for COVID-19-related mortality in patients with MM included symptomatic COVID-19 infection, age, high-risk cytogenetics, renal disease, cardiac disease, and active or progressive MM 16,17,38. The result was similar in patients treated with Dara in our study.…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…Several studies in MM have explored such risk factors as PS, comorbidities, and treatment regimen for severe infection and death after COVID‐19 infection. However, the sample sizes of these studies were small, and they were mostly focused on hospitalized patients, creating a selection bias 5,16,17 . In mid‐December 2022, China lifted the strict COVID‐19 control policy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the sample sizes of these studies were small, and they were mostly focused on hospitalized patients, creating a selection bias. 5 , 16 , 17 In mid‐December 2022, China lifted the strict COVID‐19 control policy. Within a short period of time, most people in China were infected with the SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variant, which provided many medical records for our research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outcomes of COVID‐19 in multiple myeloma patients treated with daratumumab

Jin,

He,

et al. 2023

Cancer Science

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Despite concerns about an increased risk of adverse outcomes following coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) in multiple myeloma patients treated with anti‐CD38 Abs, the impact of COVID‐19 on this group of patients is unclear. We tried to evaluate the clinical outcomes of these patients. We collected data from 1036 patients with multiple myeloma and enrolled 509 cases with COVID‐19. We divided enrolled patients into daratumumab or nondaratumumab cohorts based on whether they had received daratumumab‐based treatment within 6 months of COVID‐19 infection. We applied a propensity score matching method to reduce the bias of baseline characteristics, and then compared the incidence of adverse outcomes between these two cohorts. A total of 117 patients were enrolled in the daratumumab cohort, and 392 patients in the nondaratumumab cohort. After propensity score matching, 204 patients were matched. The proportions of patients who developed COVID‐19 pneumonia (59.8% vs. 34.3%, p < 0.001), were hospitalized (33.3% vs. 11.8%, p < 0.001) and developed severe disease (23.5% vs. 6.9%, p = 0.001) were higher in the matched daratumumab cohort. By multivariate analysis, daratumumab exposure was an independent risk factor for severe disease. An ECOG performance status >2 and history of chronic kidney disease were independent risk factors for COVID‐19‐related mortality among patients who received daratumumab‐based therapy. This study suggested that multiple myeloma patients exposed to daratumumab were at a higher risk of adverse outcomes from COVID‐19.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outcomes of COVID‐19 in multiple myeloma patients treated with daratumumab

Jin,

He,

et al. 2023

Cancer Science

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Managing and treating COVID-19 in patients with hematological malignancies: a narrative review and expert insights

Ng,

Alata,

Nguyen

et al. 2024

Clin Exp Med

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Patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs) are at a significantly higher risk of contracting COVID-19 and experiencing severe outcomes compared to individuals without HMs. This heightened risk is influenced by various factors, including the underlying malignancy, immunosuppressive treatments, and patient-related factors. Notably, immunosuppressive regimens commonly used for HM treatment can lead to the depletion of B cells and T cells, which is associated with increased COVID-19-related complications and mortality in these patients. As the pandemic transitions into an endemic state, it remains crucial to acknowledge and address the ongoing risk for individuals with HMs. In this review, we aim to summarize the current evidence to enhance our understanding of the impact of HMs on COVID-19 risks and outcomes, identify particularly vulnerable individuals, and emphasize the need for specialized clinical attention and management. Furthermore, the impaired immune response to COVID-19 vaccination observed in these patients underscores the importance of implementing additional mitigation strategies. This may include targeted prophylaxis and treatment with antivirals and monoclonal antibodies as indicated. To provide practical guidance and considerations, we present two illustrative cases to highlight the real-life challenges faced by physicians caring for patients with HMs, emphasizing the need for individualized management based on disease severity, type, and the unique circumstances of each patient.

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