Retrospective evaluation of red blood cell distribution width as a prognostic factor in critically ill dogs (December 2016 to April 2017): 127 cas

García‐Arce, Marta; Gow, Adam; Handel, Ian; Ngoi, Waiyin; Thomas, Emily K.

doi:10.1111/vec.13167

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Furthermore, Guglielmini et al [ 16 ] identified a positive correlation between RDW and WBC, neutrophil count, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in dogs with AP, suggesting that the systemic inflammatory response is the underlying cause of anisocytosis. On the other hand, Garcia-Arce et al [ 19 ] found no significant correlation between RDW and WBC in critically ill dogs. However, inflammation has also been postulated as a possible cause of increased RDW in dogs with multicentric lymphoma and bacterial pneumonia.…”

Section: Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of Increased Rdwmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent articles have reported the results of RDW evaluation in animals with different severe diseases [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Ludwik et al [ 20 ] assessed the relationship between RDW and mortality using logistic regression modeling in 6661 hospitalized animals, including 5183 dogs and 1478 cats.…”

Section: Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Critical Ill Dogs/hosp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar association between RDW and mortality was not found in cats [ 20 ]. Another retrospective study aimed to determine whether increased RDW at presentation was associated with in-hospital mortality and length of hospitalization in 127 critically ill dogs admitted to the ICU for heterogeneous disorders [ 19 ]. No association was found between RDW and in-hospital mortality or length of hospitalization in the studied dogs.…”

Section: Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Critical Ill Dogs/hosp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous studies support this hypothesis by reporting the significant relationship between RDW and systemic inflammatory parameters such as white blood cells (WBC), neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, and C-reactive protein [ 22 , 41 , 44 , 50 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. In contrast, only scant and sometimes conflicting data on this topic have been reported in the dog [ 11 , 13 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 22 ]. No correlation was found between the increase in RDW and WBC in dogs with compensated and decompensated MVD [ 10 ].…”

Section: Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of Increased Rdwmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the developments in human medicine, some studies investigating the use of RDW as a novel marker have also been recently published in various animal clinical settings. In particular, these studies have been conducted in small animals with cardiovascular disease [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ] and other various disorders [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide the most relevant information on RDW evaluation in the dog.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Red Blood Cell Distribution Width as a Novel Parameter in Canine Disorders: Literature Review and Future Prospective

Miglio

Valente

Guglielmini

2023

Animals

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Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a quantitative laboratory parameter applied for the measurement of anisocytosis and is a reliable and inexpensive method for clinical classification of anemia. An increased RDW reflects a great heterogeneity in the size of red blood cells typical of regenerative and iron-deficiency anemia. In humans, numerous and recent studies have shown a relationship between increased RDW and the risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with various disorders. In particular, a strong association has been established between changes in RDW and the risk of adverse outcome in humans with diseases affecting different organs or systems. Following the human literature, some studies have recently been conducted trying to clarify the clinical role of RDW in various animal disorders, particularly in dogs. In this review, we summarize and critically evaluate the results of the studies based on the measurement of RDW in dogs. We also emphasize the need for further and more extensive studies on the use of this simple and inexpensive parameter in animals.

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Section: Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of Increased Rdwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Critical Ill Dogs/hosp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Critical Ill Dogs/hosp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathophysiological Mechanisms Of Increased Rdwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Red Blood Cell Distribution Width as a Novel Parameter in Canine Disorders: Literature Review and Future Prospective

Miglio

Valente

Guglielmini

2023

Animals

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Evaluation of red blood cell distribution width, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, and other hematologic parameters in canine acute pancreatitis

Johnson

Gicking²,

Keys³

2023

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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ObjectiveTo determine if RBC distribution width (RDW), neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and other hematological parameters are associated with increased odds of in‐hospital mortality, increased length of hospitalization (LOH), or disease severity as measured by the Canine Acute Pancreatitis Severity (CAPS) score in dogs with acute pancreatitis (AP).DesignRetrospective, multicenter study from January 2016 to August 2020.SettingFour private emergency and specialty referral centers.AnimalsOn initial case search, 118 client‐owned dogs were identified with a clinical diagnosis of AP. Out of these cases, 114 dogs met inclusion criteria, defined as sudden onset of ≥2 compatible clinic signs (lethargy, anorexia, vomiting, or abdominal pain), a specific canine pancreatic lipase concentration >400 μg/L, hospital admission, as well as CBC and serum biochemistry run within 48 hours of initial hospitalization. Disease severity was calculated and measured using the CAPS score, in addition to LOH and in‐hospital mortality.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsClinical endpoints were in‐hospital mortality, LOH, and disease severity, as evaluated by the CAPS score. Overall in‐hospital mortality was 36.8%. NLR was significantly associated with survival, with a higher percentage being associated with an increased likelihood of nonsurvival (odds ratio: 1.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.0–1.2; P = 0.006, adjusted P = 0.04). Increased NLR was found to be significantly associated with a longer LOH based on the unadjusted P‐value (P = 0.02) but was not statistically significant based on a P‐value adjusted for multiple comparisons (P = 0.12). No significant associations were noted when RDW, platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, WBC count, mean platelet volume, RDW‐to‐platelet ratio, or RDW‐to‐total serum calcium ratio was evaluated against outcome measures.ConclusionsThis study retrospectively evaluated the prognostic utility of several readily available hematological parameters in dogs hospitalized for AP. Dogs with an increased NLR may have a higher risk of in‐hospital mortality and increased LOH, although future prospective studies are necessary to confirm these findings.

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Differences in selected blood parameters between brachycephalic and non-brachycephalic dogs

et al. 2023

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IntroductionCranial and upper-airway anatomy of short-nosed, flat-faced brachycephalic dogs predisposes them to brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS). Periodic apnoea increased inspiratory resistance, and an inability to thermoregulate effectively are characteristic of BOAS, but internationally accepted objective markers of BOAS severity are missing. The objective of this study was to compare the selected blood parameters between non-brachycephalic (NC) and brachycephalic (BC) dogs, exploring the possibility of developing a blood test for BOAS severity grading in the future.MethodsWe evaluated blood biochemistry, complete blood cell counts, red blood cell (RBC) indices, reticulocyte counts, a blood-born marker of intermittent hypoxia (glutathione, NO production), RBC hydration, deformability, and blood markers of metabolic changes and stress between BC (n = 18) and NC (meso- and dolichocephalic, n = 22) dogs.ResultsReticulocyte counts and the abundance of middle-fluorescence immature reticulocytes were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in BC dogs compared to NC dogs. BC dogs had significantly more NO-derived NO2-/NO3- in plasma than NC dogs. RBCs of BC dogs were shedding significantly more membrane, as follows from the intensity of eosin maleimide staining, and had a significantly higher mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration than NC dogs. Intracellular reduced glutathione content in RBCs of BC dogs was significantly lower, while plasma lactate was significantly higher in BC dogs compared to NC dogs. Plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly lower, and cortisol was significantly higher in BC dogs compared to NC dogs. Eosinophil counts were significantly lower and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was higher in BC dogs compared to NC dogs.DiscussionTaken together, our findings suggest that the brachycephalic phenotype in dogs is associated with alterations at the level of blood cells and, systemically, with oxidation and metabolic changes. The parameters identified within this study should be further investigated for their potential as objective indicators for BOAS.

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Retrospective evaluation of red blood cell distribution width as a prognostic factor in critically ill dogs (December 2016 to April 2017): 127 cas

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the association between RBC distribution width (RDW) and inhospital mortality, length of hospitalization, and leukocyte count in critically ill dogs.

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width as a Novel Parameter in Canine Disorders: Literature Review and Future Prospective

Red Blood Cell Distribution Width as a Novel Parameter in Canine Disorders: Literature Review and Future Prospective

Evaluation of red blood cell distribution width, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, and other hematologic parameters in canine acute pancreatitis

Differences in selected blood parameters between brachycephalic and non-brachycephalic dogs

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