Retrospective Evaluation of Nosocomial Bacterial Infections and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns Among Hospitalized Patients in Mogadishu, Somalia

Abstract

Background Nosocomial infection constitutes a significant public health challenge globally, with resource-limited countries bearing the greatest burden. Sadly, the emergence of drug-resistant strains of these pathogens have worsened the already precarious situation. Methods This study aimed to determine the incidence of nosocomial infections, the causative agents, and their antimicrobial susceptibilities among patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia. The study included patients who had positive cultures 48 hours after admission. Abstracted data include the patient’s demographic, infection outcome, the agents involved, and the site of infection. Results A total of 330 patients were found to have acquired nosocomial infection, comprising 100 (30%) patients from the ICU department. The median age for the patients in this study was 36 years. Patients who died of all-cause mortality were older than those discharged. Most of the bacteria were collected from sepsis/bloodstream infections (34%) dominated by Staphylococcus aureus (42.1%), Acinetobacter baumannii (14.0%), Escherichia coli (14.0%), and Klebsiella spp . (7.0%). Urinary tract infections were mainly associated with Escherichia coli (37.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (18.8%), and Klebsiella spp . 50% of all microorganisms were multidrug-resistant. Conclusion The findings of this study suggested that hospital infection control and prevention strategies need to be strengthened to improve the quality of care among hospitalized patients.

Understanding the Diurnal Oscillation of the Gut Microbiota Using Microbial Culture

“…Therefore, it is expected that they vastly cover the expected populations in the gut microbiota. It would also be interesting to evaluate the oscillation of specific targets, such as Klebsiella spp., which is fundamentally important in studies of hospital-acquired infections and antibiotic resistance [ 44 , 45 ], as well as Escherichia coli , which has been observed to be associated with several intestinal diseases and virulence potential [ 46 , 47 , 48 ]. Furthermore, future studies should focus on evaluating lactic acid bacteria due to their relevance as one of the major components of microorganisms in the gut microbiota.…”

An Example of the Importance of Electronic Health Records from Mogadishu, Somalia: Hepatitis B Prevalence and Co-infections with Hepatitis C

“…change in the frequency of malaria over the years [12], tuberculosis prevalence and complications [13][14][15], incidence and distribution of cancer cases [16], antibiotic resistance rates [17,18], frequency of thyroid diseases [19], causes of blindness [20], and prevalence of various other organ-specific diseases and infections [21][22][23].…”

Research Progress on the Correlation Between Hypertension and Gut Microbiota

“… 22 Klebsiella is a pathogen commonly found in the human intestinal tract and can cause a variety of infectious diseases, such as pneumonia, diarrhoea, and urinary tract infections. 43 , 44 Furthermore, Su et al found dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in the intestines of hypertensive patients treated with antibiotics, resulting in large numbers of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria, such as Salmonella. 23…”