Retrospective Evaluation of Adverse Drug Reactions in a Central Hospital in Malawi

Connor, Sharon E.; Kauffman, Yardlee S.; Jonkman, Lauren J.; Himisi, Tadala; Kane‐Gill, Sandra L.; Gillespie, Eve; Douglas, Gerald P.

doi:10.18650/2378-5411.14004

Cited by 3 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The rate of modification was higher in the first year of ART compared to second and the third year[ 8 ]. The overall ADR incidence rate was 9.5% in Malawi[ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to development of adverse drug reactions and associated factors among adult HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia

2017

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BackgroundAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) are harmful and unintended reactions to medicines given at standard doses. Although the antiretroviral treatment (ART) changed the global HIV epidemic significantly, it’s associated adverse events is huge. Therefore, investigating the rate and development of ADRs of ART provides vital information for monitoring risks.MethodsRetrospective study was conducted among patients on ART from July1/2011—June 30/2016 at Felege Hiwot referral hospital. Data were collected using checklist and document review. The p-value and hazard ratio with its confidence interval was used to show presence and strength of association.ResultsA total of 602 subjects were studied. The rate of occurrence of major ADRs was 4.3/100PY. Patients with no formal and completed primary education were at higher risk of developing ADRs compared to those with higher level education [AHR = 8, 95% CI: 2.53–25.20, AHR = 4.9, 95% CI: 1.65–14.44]. The risks of ADRs among patients working in NGOs were more than four times compared to those in governmental organizations [AHR = 4.3, 95% CI: 1.42–13.31]. The risks of ADRs in WHO clinical stage II, III and IV were much higher than in stage I [AHR = 4, 95% CI: 1.33–11.93, AHR = 5.3, 95% CI: 2.02–13.79 and AHR = 7, 95% CI: 2.51–20.10] respectively. Moreover, patients didn’t receive OI prophylaxis were more three times at risk of ADRs compared to those received [AHR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.47–7.08].ConclusionsMost of the ADRs cases were occurred within a year after initiation of ART. Educational status, occupation, advanced clinical stage and OI prophylaxis therapy were predictors ADRs. Continuous counseling for non-educated patients and clients in clinical stage II and above, and patients didn’t take OI prophylaxis need to get close follow up to prevent the associated ADRs by the concerned parties.

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“…The rate of modification was higher in the first year of ART compared to second and the third year[ 8 ]. The overall ADR incidence rate was 9.5% in Malawi[ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to development of adverse drug reactions and associated factors among adult HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia

2017

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“…These included studies that did not distinguish between serious and non‐serious ADRs, as well as studies of “umbrella topics”, such as drug‐related harm, which did not report ADRs separately. Fifteen studies 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 were included in this systematic review (Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourteen studies 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 reported as outcome the proportion of admissions attributed to ADRs. To estimate the summary proportion of admissions attributed to ADRs, we first pooled all group 1 studies and tested for heterogeneity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The remaining 13 studies were all conducted as active surveillance studies, eight of which were in adults, 37 , 38 , 39 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 47 , 49 , 50 , 52 four in children, 36 , 40 , 51 , 53 and one in a mixed adult and pediatric population. 48 As this latter study presented data for adults and children separately, we could extract separate adult and pediatric datasets from it.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 49 , 50 Median quality score was 7/10, ranging from 2/10 to 10/10. Studies were conducted in South Africa (two studies, 37 , 47 both high quality), Nigeria (two studies 43 , 52 ), and in Eritrea, 48 Ethiopia, 49 , 50 Malawi, 42 Mali, 38 , 39 and Uganda. 41 Study duration ranged from 1 month to 16 months, for a median of 6 months.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serious adverse drug reactions in sub‐Saharan Africa in the era of antiretroviral treatment: A systematic review

Mouton

Jobanputra

Tatz

et al. 2021

Pharmacology Res & Perspec

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The burden of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) may differ from that in high-income settings for a variety of reasons, including differences in disease burden, differences in drug utilization patterns, a potential lack of effective drug quality control, and the high risk for prescribing and dispensing errors that occur in overburdened healthcare systems. Previous systematic reviews summarizing the global burden of ADRs 1-6 included only a few surveys from LMICs, which limits the generalizability of their results to LMIC settings.In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), an epidemiological transition is taking place, with high prevalence of both non-communicable

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Serious adverse drug reactions in sub-Saharan Africa in the era of antiretroviral treatment: a systematic review

Mouton,

Jobanputra,

Tatz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Aim To summarise and describe the burden of serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Methods We searched Medline, CINAHL, Africa-Wide Information, Scopus, and Web of Science, without language restriction up to March 2021. We hand-searched reference lists, conference abstracts, and dissertation databases. We included studies reporting proportions of admissions attributed to ADRs, admissions prolonged by ADRs, or in-hospital deaths attributed to ADRs. Two reviewers independently screened studies, reviewed study quality using a previously published tool, and extracted data. We tested for heterogeneity using I2-statistics and summarised study results using medians and interquartile ranges. Subgroup analyses summarised results by study quality, setting, methodology, and population. Results From 1005 unique references identified, we included 15 studies. Median study quality was 7/10; heterogeneity was very high. Median [IQR] proportion of admissions attributed to ADRs was 4.8% [1.5% to 7.0%] (14 studies), and 6.4% [4.0% to 8.4%] in nine active surveillance studies in adults. Two paediatric studies reported the proportion of admissions prolonged by ADRs (0.29% and 0.99%). Three studies reported the proportion of in-hospital deaths attributed to ADRs (2.5%, 13%, and 16%). Antiretroviral and antituberculosis drugs were often implicated in serious ADRs. Conclusion Evidence of the burden of serious ADRs in SSA is patchy and heterogeneous. A few high-quality studies suggest the burden is considerable, and that it reflects the regional impact of the HIV pandemic. Further characterisation of this burden is required, ideally in studies of standardised methodology.

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Retrospective Evaluation of Adverse Drug Reactions in a Central Hospital in Malawi

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Time to development of adverse drug reactions and associated factors among adult HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia

Time to development of adverse drug reactions and associated factors among adult HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia

Serious adverse drug reactions in sub‐Saharan Africa in the era of antiretroviral treatment: A systematic review

Serious adverse drug reactions in sub-Saharan Africa in the era of antiretroviral treatment: a systematic review

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