Retrospective cost-effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination program in Australia

Chen, C.; Beutels, Philippe; Wood, James G.; Menzies, Robert; MacIntyre, C. Raina; McIntyre, Peter; Newall, Anthony T.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.08.084

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…While the effects of PCV7 and PCV13 on reducing IPD incidence have been well-documented, the effectiveness of PPV23 has been controversial. Study results against PPV23 included less immunogenicity in children and cost effectiveness economic considerations in older Australians (Chen et al, 2018;Wantuch and Avci, 2018), while large-scale studies supported the protective effects of PPV23 in elderly people against IPD (Shapiro et al, 1991;Ochoa-Gondar et al, 2014). Our observation of a lower proportion of PPV23-only serotype isolates in the >65 y.o.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Pre- and Post- PCV7/13 Eras, Taiwan, 2002–2018

Lai

Huang

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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In Taiwan, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in 2006 and a PCV13 national childhood catchup program was implemented in 2013. To delineate the trend of serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility following vaccination programs, we investigated a total of 1845 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates collected biennially between 2002 and 2018 over a 3-month period from 25 hospitals. The number of isolates collected over the years decreased significantly in all age groups, from a total of 320 isolates in 2002 (pre-PCV), to 196 in 2010 (post-PCV7/pre-PCV13), to 89 in 2018 (post-PCV13). Overall, PCV7/PCV13 serotypes comprised 66.9%/76.3%, 53.1%/78.1%, and 15.7%/31.5% of isolates in 2002, 2010, and 2018, respectively. The leading serotypes in the pre-PCV era were 23F, 19F, 6B, and 14, while serotype 19A predominated in the post-PCV7/pre-PCV13 era, but nonvaccine serotypes (NVT) 15A (18.0%) and 23A (15.7%) surpassed 19A (10.1%) to become the top two leading serotypes in 2018. All the major serotypes, including the emergent serotypes 15A and 23A, were multidrug-resistant with high rates of nonsusceptibility to β-lactam (except serotype 3) and several non-β-lactam agents. PFGE and MLST revealed that while meropenem-susceptible serotype 15A-ST3058 isolates and a serotype 23A-ST338 clone existed in earlier years, rise and spread of meropenemnon-susceptible serotype 15A-ST63 and serotype 23A-ST166 clones occurred in recent years. We conclude that successive implementation of PCVs has led to a marked decrease in pneumococcal isolate burden, but the replacement by meropenem-nonsusceptible NVT 15A and 23A highlights the need for continued local surveillance to track pneumococcal evolution in each region to help vaccine polyvalency decisions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…PPV23 was provided free to ≥75 y.o. by a non-governmental organization during 2007-2017 and the overall uptake was reported to be 41% in 2008 (Liao et al, 2010), and 20.7% overall between 2009 and 2013 (Chen et al, 2018). Starting in 2017, PPV23 has been provided by the government to ≥65 y.o.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Pre- and Post- PCV7/13 Eras, Taiwan, 2002–2018

Lai

Huang

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…An updated economic analysis found PCV13 immunization of older adults to be not cost effective 148. Where indirect reductions in IPD in older adults have not been as great, recent cost effectiveness evaluations conducted in the Netherlands,147 Australia,149 and the UK150 concluded that 23vPPV—but not PCV13—met cost effectiveness criteria, especially in adults aged over 70. In Australia, PCV13 was recently deemed cost effective for all adults aged >70, but sequential use of 23vPPV following PCV13 was recommended only for persons with significant comorbidities and for indigenous populations 151…”

Section: Pneumococcal Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccines for older adults

Cunningham

McIntyre

Subbarao

et al. 2021

BMJ

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The proportion of the global population aged 65 and older is rapidly increasing. Infections in this age group, most recently with SARS-CoV-2, cause substantial morbidity and mortality. Major improvements have been made in vaccines for older people, either through the addition of novel adjuvants—as in the new recombinant zoster vaccine and an adjuvanted influenza vaccine—or by increasing antigen concentration, as in influenza vaccines. In this article we review improvements in immunization for the three most important vaccine preventable diseases of aging. The recombinant zoster vaccine has an efficacy of 90% that is minimally affected by the age of the person being vaccinated and persists for more than four years. Increasing antigen dose or inclusion of adjuvant has improved the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines in older adults, although the relative effectiveness of the enhanced influenza vaccines and the durability of the immune response are the focus of ongoing clinical trials. Conjugate and polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccines have similar efficacy against invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal pneumonia caused by vaccine serotypes in older adults. Their relative value varies by setting, depending on the prevalence of vaccine serotypes, largely related to conjugate vaccine coverage in children. Improved efficacy will increase public confidence and uptake of these vaccines. Co-administration of these vaccines is feasible and important for maximal uptake in older people. Development of new vaccine platforms has accelerated following the arrival of SARS-CoV-2, and will likely result in new vaccines against other pathogens in the future.

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“…Many studies have shown that vaccines against influenza [44,45], pneumococcus [46][47][48][49] and herpes zoster [50][51][52] are cost-effective when given to older adults in a range of settings [53]. Notwithstanding this, the corresponding global economic burden offset by these adult VPD vaccines has not been fully calculated.…”

Section: Economic Benefits Of Older Adult Immunizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global agenda for older adult immunization in the COVID-19 era: A roadmap for action

Privor-Dumm

Poland

Barratt

et al. 2021

Vaccine

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Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Retrospective cost-effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination program in Australia

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Pre- and Post- PCV7/13 Eras, Taiwan, 2002–2018

Serotype Distribution and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Pre- and Post- PCV7/13 Eras, Taiwan, 2002–2018

Vaccines for older adults

A global agenda for older adult immunization in the COVID-19 era: A roadmap for action

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