“…In this paper, in contrast, the adaptive digital autopilot controller coefficients are all initialized at zero and, thus, don't require any conditioning. Retrospective-cost based PID controllers were used in the attitude controller in [13], and were applied with fixed hyperparameter tuning to a quadcopter, a fixed-wing aircraft, and a VTOL aircraft in a simulation environment. In [14], retrospective-cost adaptive control law was used to compensate for the payload mass uncertainty.…”