Retrospective Correlates for Bulimia Nervosa: A Matched Case–Control Study

Abstract

The common findings across cultures suggest that, at least, individuals subjectively experience a number of similar factors that increase risk for developing BN. In addition, the difference regarding self-harm is notable.

Is bullying and teasing associated with eating disorders? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Howe, 2007), with medium to large effect sizes (ORs between 2.50-7.43, d's between 0.56-0.88). Although rates of appearanceunrelated teasing victimization were also higher for BN cases compared to healthy controls (ORs between 1.20-6.0), these differences were not significantly different (Fairburn et al, 1997;Gonçalves et al, 2016).…”

“…For BN, there was a clear association with bullying and teasing victimization. Compared to healthy controls, individuals with BN were significantly more likely to have been teased about their appearance and bullied (Fairburn et al, ; Gonçalves et al, ; Hilbert et al, ; Kaltiala‐Heino et al, ; Kaltiala‐Heino et al, ; Lehoux & Howe, ), with medium to large effect sizes (ORs between 2.50–7.43, d 's between 0.56–0.88). Although rates of appearance‐unrelated teasing victimization were also higher for BN cases compared to healthy controls (ORs between 1.20–6.0), these differences were not significantly different (Fairburn et al, ; Gonçalves et al, ).…”

“…Compared to healthy controls, individuals with BN were significantly more likely to have been teased about their appearance and bullied (Fairburn et al, ; Gonçalves et al, ; Hilbert et al, ; Kaltiala‐Heino et al, ; Kaltiala‐Heino et al, ; Lehoux & Howe, ), with medium to large effect sizes (ORs between 2.50–7.43, d 's between 0.56–0.88). Although rates of appearance‐unrelated teasing victimization were also higher for BN cases compared to healthy controls (ORs between 1.20–6.0), these differences were not significantly different (Fairburn et al, ; Gonçalves et al, ). Rates of bullying and teasing victimization were significantly higher for BN compared to psychiatric controls according to some sources, but evidence was mixed (e.g., ORs between 0.80 and 2.89, Fairburn et al, ; Fosse & Holen, ; Gonçalves et al, ).…”

“…Although rates of appearance‐unrelated teasing victimization were also higher for BN cases compared to healthy controls (ORs between 1.20–6.0), these differences were not significantly different (Fairburn et al, ; Gonçalves et al, ). Rates of bullying and teasing victimization were significantly higher for BN compared to psychiatric controls according to some sources, but evidence was mixed (e.g., ORs between 0.80 and 2.89, Fairburn et al, ; Fosse & Holen, ; Gonçalves et al, ).…”

“…Numerous studies (e.g., Fairburn et al, 1998;Gonçalves, Machado, Martins, Hoek, & Machado, 2016;Karwautz et al, 2011) have investigated bullying and teasing experiences among individuals with eating disorders (EDs). Such experiences could be associated with EDs in a number of ways.…”