Retrospective comparison of percutaneous balloon compression and radiofrequency-thermocoagulation in the management of trigeminal neuralgia

Abstract

Purpose To compare percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) and radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Methods This was a retrospective single-center analysis of data from 230 patients with trigeminal neuralgia who underwent 202 PBC (46%) and 234 RFTC (54%) from 2002 to 2019. Comparison of demographic data and trigeminal neuralgia characteristics between procedures as well as assessment of 1) initial pain relief by an improved Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain intensity scale of I–III; 2) recurrence-free survival of patients with a follow-up of at least 6 months by Kaplan-Meier analysis; 3) risk factors for failed initial pain relief and recurrence-free survival by regression analysis; and 4) complications and adverse events. Results Initial pain relief was achieved in 353 (84.2%) procedures and showed no significant difference between PBC (83.7%) and RFTC (84.9%). Patients who suffered from multiple sclerosis (odds ratio 5.34) or had a higher preoperative BNI (odds ratio 2.01) showed a higher risk of not becoming pain free. Recurrence-free survival in 283 procedures was longer for PBC (44%) with 481 days compared to RFTC (56%) with 421 days (p=0.036) but without statistical significance. The only factors that showed a significant influence on longer recurrence-free survival rates were a postoperative BNI ≤ II (P=<0.0001) and a BNI facial numbness score ≥ 3 (p = 0.009). The complication rate of 22.2% as well as zero mortality showed no difference between the two procedures (p=0.162). Conclusion Both percutaneous interventions led to a comparable initial pain relief and recurrence-free survival with a low and comparable probability of complications. An individualized approach, considering the advantages and disadvantages of each intervention, should guide the decision-making process. Prospective comparative trials are urgently needed.

Microvascular Decompression versus Radiofrequency Ablation in Trigeminal Neuralgia of the Maxillary and Mandibular Divisions

“…RF treatment has shown a commendably low complication rate, comparable to other percutaneous techniques. 6 17 20 21 22 23 24 Despite this, since its introduction in 1974 by Sweet and Wepsic, with its extensive application in TN, and improvement of RF generators and parameters used, an immediate pain relief was reported to be as high as 85 to 97% by more recent studies. 11 25 26 27…”