Retrospective Assessment of Thirty-Two Cases of Pelvic Fractures Stabilized by External Fixation in Dogs and Classification Proposal

Abstract

The goals of this study were to evaluate the outcomes of bone healing, patient comfort during the treatment, functional results, and complications in pelvic fractures treated with external fixation, as well as to propose a classification system for the applied external frames. A total of thirty-two canine patients with pelvic fractures of different origins were treated. To provide a better reference for the frames used, an alphanumeric classification system was developed, detailing the frame structure and the number and location of the pins used. In this study, eighty-six fractures were treated in the 32 patients of this work, with an average fixation time of 9.88 ± 4.15 weeks. No major complications were detected in this case cohort, and the outcomes were rated at 9.46 based on a visual assessment scale for the patient’s comfort during treatment. Outcomes graded as excellent and good were 96%. The use of external fixation for stabilization of pelvic fractures should be considered as a technical option, especially for minimally invasive stabilization of complex fractures, either as a primary or secondary stabilization.

A Bilateral Acetabular Physeal Fracture Treated with External Fixation in an Immature Cat

“…Typically, internal fixation methods dominate the resolution of acetabular fractures [4,[12][13][14][15]17]. In human medicine, the use of EF in pelvic fractures at certain stages of treatment has been described [31][32][33][34][35][36] due to its structural advantages [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], including for acetabular fractures in particular [34][35][36]. EF allows for minimal invasive approaches, resulting in minimal damage to surrounding tissues, with a consequent lower risk of infection, a shorter healing time, and a good level of patient tolerance [25][26][27][28].…”

“…The use of EF to treat acetabular fractures in cats is uncommon. Only Graville et al (2018) and Flores et al ( 2023) have described this system being successfully applied to acetabular fractures in canines for this type of fracture [23,31]. In other types of pelvic injuries, like sacroiliac luxations, closed reduction has been shown to be effective and provide good results [42], allowing for a faster recovery in the postoperative period.…”