Retrospective and prospective coding for predicted reward in the sensory thalamus

Komura, Yutaka; Tamura, Ryoi; Uwano, Teruko; Nishijo, Hisao; Kaga, Kimitaka; Ono, Taketoshi

doi:10.1038/35087595

Cited by 248 publications

(229 citation statements)

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“…Functionally, electrophysiological data suggest that the ventral sensory thalamus may be involved in processing rewardrelevant information. In rats discriminating between reward-predicting and non-predicting cues, single neurons of the VPM mediate the acquired affective significance of sensory stimuli (termed 'retrospective coding') and predict the value of upcoming reward ('prospective coding') (Komura et al, 2001). It is noteworthy that in humans, VTA opioid receptors, reward and fos protein expression V David et al diencephalic amnesia (ie Korsakoff syndrome) result in a difficulty in assessing the affective component of memories and contexts (Oscar-Berman et al, 1990;Snitz et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Regional Fos Expression Elicited by the Activation of μ- but not δ-Opioid Receptors of the Ventral Tegmental Area: Evidence for an Implication of the Ventral Thalamus in Opiate Reward

David

Matifas

Gavello-Baudy

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Both m-opioid receptors (MORs) and d-opioid receptors (DORs) are expressed in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and are thought to be involved in the addictive properties of opiates. However, their respective contributions to opiate reward remain unclear. We used intracranial self-administration (ICSA) to study the rewarding effects of morphine microinjections into the VTA of male and female MORÀ/À and DORÀ/À mice. In brains of mice tested for intra-VTA morphine self-administration, we analyzed regional Fos protein expression to investigate the neural circuitry underlying this behavior. Male and female WT and DORÀ/À mice exhibited similar selfadministration performances, whereas knockout of the MOR gene abolished intra-VTA morphine self-administration at all doses tested. Naloxone (4 mg/kg) disrupted this behavior in WT and DOR mutants, without triggering physical signs of withdrawal. Morphine ICSA was associated with an increase in Fos within the nucleus accumbens, striatum, limbic cortices, amygdala, hippocampus, the lateral mammillary nucleus (LM), and the ventral posteromedial thalamus (VPM). This latter structure was found to express high levels of Fos exclusively in self-administering WT and DORÀ/À mice. Abolition of morphine reward in MORÀ/À mice was associated with a decrease in Fos-positive neurons in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system, amygdala, hippocampus (CA1), LM, and a complete absence within the VPM. We conclude that (i) VTA MORs, but not DORs, are critical for morphine reward and (ii) the role of VTA-thalamic projections in opiate reward deserves to be further explored.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Regional Fos Expression Elicited by the Activation of μ- but not δ-Opioid Receptors of the Ventral Tegmental Area: Evidence for an Implication of the Ventral Thalamus in Opiate Reward

David

Matifas

Gavello-Baudy

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Tuning of the time course of graded persistent activity can also occur in higher brain areas during the learning of time prediction tasks (20). The firing rate buildup of many area I neurons in fish with unstable fixations resembles climbing activity seen in cortex or thalamus during time or trajectory prediction (21), suggesting that the goldfish oculomotor neural integrator may also prove to be a model system for time-varying persistent firing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticity and tuning of the time course of analog persistent firing in a neural integrator

Major

Baker

Aksay

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In a companion paper, we reported that the goldfish oculomotor neural integrator could be trained to instability or leak by rotating the visual surround with a velocity proportional to ؉͞؊ horizontal eye position, respectively. Here we analyze changes in the firing rate behavior of neurons in area I in the caudal brainstem, a central component of the oculomotor neural integrator. Persistent firing could be detuned to instability and leak, respectively, along with fixation behavior. Prolonged training could reduce the time constant of persistent firing of some cells by more than an order of magnitude, to <1 s. Normal visual feedback gradually retuned persistent firing of integrator neurons toward stability, along with fixation behavior. In animals with unstable fixations, approximately half of the eye position-related cells had upward or unstable firing rate drift. In animals with leaky fixations, two-thirds of the eye position-related cells showed leaky firing drift. The remaining eye position-related cells, generally those with lower eye position thresholds, showed a more complex pattern of historydependent͞predictive firing rate drift in relation to eye drift. These complex drift cells often showed a drop in maximum persistent firing rate after training to leak. Despite this diversity, firing drift and the degree of instability or leak in firing rates were broadly correlated with fixation performance. The presence, strength, and reversibility of this plasticity demonstrate that, in this system, visual feedback plays a vital role in gradually tuning the time course of persistent neural firing.W e demonstrated in a companion paper (1) how visual feedback with an altered retinal slip vs. eye position gain can be used to detune the goldfish oculomotor neural integrator to extreme instability or leak and how normal visual feedback can retune the integrator to stability. Here we test the hypothesis that visual feedback tunes graded (analog) persistent firing of oculomotor neural integrator neurons themselves.In the vertebrate oculomotor system, the ability to maintain stable eye position depends on the activity of a central ''neural integrator'' responsible for transforming velocity-encoding command or sensory signals to position-encoding outputs that feed into extraocular motoneurons. Experiments in primate (2-6) and cat (7-9) indicate that the velocity-to-position neural integrator (VPNI) for horizontal eye movements is localized in part to two bilateral brainstem nuclei, the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH) and the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN), reviewed in ref. 10. Experiments in goldfish (11,12) suggest that the horizontal VPNI is localized in part to a bilateral region of the reticulum analogous to the mammalian NPH, termed area I.As shown in Fig. 1a, the spontaneous oculomotor behavior of a control head-fixed goldfish consists of a cyclic scanning pattern of sequential saccades and fixations. With each saccade in the temporal direction of the ipsilateral eye, neurons in area I typically show a brief bur...

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“…tone, CS− = low freq. tone), then cortical analysis appears to be necessary (Butler, Diamond, & Neff, 1957;Duvel et al, 2001;Komura et al, 2001;McCabe, McEchron, Green, & Schneiderman, 1993;Nicholson & Freeman, 2000;Thompson, 1962).…”

Section: Assessing Three Hypotheses About Affect and Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the interdependence of cognition and emotion

Storbeck

Clore

2007

Cognition & Emotion

296

182

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Affect and cognition have long been treated as independent entities, but in the current review we suggest that affect and cognition are in fact highly interdependent. We open the article by discussing three classic views for the independence of affect. These are (i) the affective independence hypothesis, that emotion is processed independently from cognition, (ii) the affective primacy hypothesis, that evaluative processing precedes semantic processing, and (iii) the affective automaticity hypothesis, that affectively potent stimuli commandeer attention and evaluation is automatic. We argue that affect is not independent from cognition, that affect is not primary to cognition, nor is affect automatically elicited. The second half of the paper discusses several instances of how affect influences cognition. We review experiments showing affective involvement in perception, semantic activation, and attitude activation. We conclude that one function of affect is to regulate cognitive processing.

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Retrospective and prospective coding for predicted reward in the sensory thalamus

Cited by 248 publications

References 25 publications

Brain Regional Fos Expression Elicited by the Activation of μ- but not δ-Opioid Receptors of the Ventral Tegmental Area: Evidence for an Implication of the Ventral Thalamus in Opiate Reward

Brain Regional Fos Expression Elicited by the Activation of μ- but not δ-Opioid Receptors of the Ventral Tegmental Area: Evidence for an Implication of the Ventral Thalamus in Opiate Reward

Plasticity and tuning of the time course of analog persistent firing in a neural integrator

On the interdependence of cognition and emotion

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