Retrospective analysis of the oral immunisation of wild boar populations against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in region Eifel of Rhineland-Palatinate

Rüden, Stefan von; Staubach, Christoph; Kaden, Volker; Hess, Rachel; Blicke, Julia; Kühne, Sabine; Sonnenburg, Jana; Fröhlich, Andreas; Teuffert, Jürgen; Moennig, V.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.04.022

Cited by 56 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…From around 2 to 4 days after vaccination, challenged pigs did not show any clinical signs nor replication of challenge virus, measured by shedding in oral swabs or by detection of viraemia. This protection has also been demonstrated to last more than a year, probably even lifelong (Biront et al, 1987;Aynaud, 1988;Terpstra et al, 1990;Kaden and Lange 2001, Kaden et al, 2008, Dewulf, 2002. As with many modified live vaccines, maternal antibodies interfere with the induction of vaccination immunity: the higher the maternal antibody titre at vaccination the stronger the interference (Vandeputte et al, 2001, Ooi, IPVS 2008.…”

Section: -140mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was shown that pigs orally immunized with C-strain (Riemser Arzneimittel AG) were completely protected from transplacental infection. In addition, vaccine virus was not detected in any of the piglets from immunized sows (Kaden et al, 2008). Even though there are no published data, field observations over many years indicate that transplacental infection is blocked after intramuscular vaccination (Ooi IPVS 2008;Kaden et al,2008;SCAHAW 2003).…”

Section: -140mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been found that the C-strain is able to block transmission of virulent challenge virus to vaccinated in-contact pigs from at least 2 to 7 days after vaccination (de Smit et al, 2001b;Dewulf et. al., 2003;Dewulf et al, 2002b;Kaden et al, 2001;Kaden et al, 2008), and possibly earlier since no infection was detected in a transmission experiment where vaccinated pigs were in contact with infected pigs at the day of vaccination. (Koenen et al, unpublished observations, Dewulf et al, 2002b).…”

Section: -140mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning the protection from virus persistence in lymphatic organs (tonsils, lymph nodes, spleen), it was demonstrated that infectious virus was not detected after challenge infection and conventional PCR results were also in most cases negative (Kaden et al, 2008;Beer et al, unpublished data, Table 2). …”

Section: -140mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early studies reported that C-strain vaccine virus can pass the placental barrier of pregnant sows but does not seem to produce any abnormality in infected foetuses (Bran et al, 1971;Tesmer et al, 1973) However, a recent study demonstrated the safety of a current C-strain vaccine (C-strain Riems) also for pregnant animals since infection of fetuses was not observed (Kaden et al 2008). The Thiverval strain appeared to be safe, even in immunosuppressed pigs Leunen, 1988, Suradhat et al, 2006).…”

Section: Live Attenuated/modified Live (Mlv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control and eradication of Classic Swine Fever in wild boar

2009

EFSA Journal

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SummaryClassical swine fever (CSF) is a disease that has been causing major socio-economic damages in the EU during the last decades. Although considerable progress has been made in the eradication and prevention of the disease, the threat for an epidemic still exists.The virus is endemic in the wild boar population of several member states (MS). Wild boar cannot be managed as domestic pigs. Hunting and vaccination have been tentatively used in order to stop transmission by reducing the number of susceptibles. Oral vaccination of wild boar with modified live vaccine based on the C-strain (the only suitable) is used; this vaccine does not allow serological differentiation between vaccinated and infected animals.The aim of the control measures for CSF in wild boar is to reduce the risk of transmission to domestic pigs, to prevent an "endemic phase evolution" or to reduce the endemic phase duration.In order to support and to improve the control and eradication measures as regards CSF in wild boar, EFSA was requested by the Commission to provide scientific advice on the efficacy of the available surveillance, hunting and vaccination measures to control and eradicate CSF in feral pig populations (wild boar), considering the possible use of new diagnostic tests and vaccines.In order to reply to the mandate data were collected from MS through two questionnaires (CSF vaccines, hunting practices and CSF vaccination in wild boar). Data were also extracted from the EU CSF wild boar data base, after requesting permission from the participating MS.Considering that the data received were rather limited and not comparable, the WG decided to use a model in order to fill the gaps in the available knowledge. For the evaluation of the efficacy of CSF control in wild boar a continuous metapopulation compartmental model developed in an EU research project (FP6-5015599-CSFVACCINE&WILDBOAR) was applied.Although the disease manifests in the same manner in both domestic pig and wild boar it is more difficult to identify in wild boar because clinical monitoring of these is hardly possible. Wild boar found dead constitutes the main alert sign of CSF. Hunters and gamekeepers should be instructed to report the finding of each dead wild boar to the competent authority at all times. In case of high-risk situations, a passive surveillance should be complemented by an active serological surveillance. The active sampling of wild boar is not as efficient as in domestic pigs considering that hunting is the sole practical system to obtain samples and that the aim of hunting is quite different.Consequently, the sample size is not controlled by authorities and fits rarely the aim of the survey in terms of detecting the presence of disease at a certain level. In addition, the interpretation of serological results is confounded by maternal derived antibodies (until the 6th month of age), vaccination and the sampling quality.There is no definition at EU level of spatial and temporal units for surveillance, neither for criteria defining a disease free wi...

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Section: -140mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -140mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -140mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: -140mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Live Attenuated/modified Live (Mlv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control and eradication of Classic Swine Fever in wild boar

2009

EFSA Journal

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Pestivirus Infections

Frölich¹,

Marco²,

Moennig

2012

Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals and Birds in Europe

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2009

EFSA Journal

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BACKGROUND AS PROVIDED BY THE COMMISSION Classical swine fever (CSF) is one of the diseases that has caused major socioeconomic damages in the EU during the last decades. Although during the last years considerable progress has been made in the eradication and prevention of the disease, the threat for an epidemic still exists. The main reasons are that CSF virus is still present in feral pigs of some Member States (MSs) and that the virus is endemic in the Balkan region, including the MSs Bulgaria and Romania. Control measures are in place for those areas within the EU but this situation remains a constant threat for new outbreaks in the domestic pig population.

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Retrospective analysis of the oral immunisation of wild boar populations against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) in region Eifel of Rhineland-Palatinate

Cited by 56 publications

References 11 publications

Control and eradication of Classic Swine Fever in wild boar

Control and eradication of Classic Swine Fever in wild boar

Pestivirus Infections

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