Retrospective Analysis of Mosh-Pit-Related Injuries

Milsten, Andrew; Tennyson, Joseph; Weisberg, Stacy

doi:10.1017/s1049023x17006689

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Indeed, where others are construed as one's fellows, others’ proximity can bring pleasure (and thus contribute to positive well‐being). However, such an attenuation of concern about others’ proximity does not mean that there is no risk in crowding: There may be contexts where a relaxed attitude to proximity increases participants’ vulnerability to crushing (e.g., the crowded “mosh pits” that feature at some music festivals: Milsten, Tennyson, & Weisberg, 2017; Wing, Johnson, & Fowler, 2020).…”

Section: Mass Gathering Health: Understanding the Costs And Benefits mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Gatherings, Health, and Well‐Being: From Risk Mitigation to Health Promotion

Hopkins

Reicher

2020

Social Issues Policy Review

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Mass gatherings are routinely viewed as posing risks to physical health. However, social psychological research shows mass gathering participation can also bring benefits to psychological well-being. We describe how both sets of outcomes can be understood as arising from the distinctive forms of behavior that may be found when people-even strangers-come to define themselves and each other in terms of a shared social identity. We show that many of the risks and benefits of participation are products of group processes; that these different outcomes can have their roots in the same core processes; and that knowledge of these process provides a basis for health promotion interventions to mitigate the risks and maximize the benefits of participation. Throughout, we offer practical guidance as to how policy makers and practitioners should tailor such interventions. Mass gatherings take many forms: large-scale religious pilgrimages (e.g., the hajj), sporting events (e.g., the World Cup), music festivals (e.g., Glastonbury), regional and national commemorative events (e.g., St Patrick's Day celebrations), etc. Some are short-lived, others span days, even weeks. Some attract a few thousand, others, hundreds of thousands. Perhaps the most striking of all are the Kumbh Mela and the Magh Mela, each of which attract millions of Hindu pilgrims to the banks of the Ganga (north India) for a full month (Buzinde, Kalavar,

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Section: Mass Gathering Health: Understanding the Costs And Benefits mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Gatherings, Health, and Well‐Being: From Risk Mitigation to Health Promotion

Hopkins

Reicher

2020

Social Issues Policy Review

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“…Mass-gathering events such as music festivals can have a higher incidence of illness and injury than the surrounding community because of a number of known risk factors and hazards associated with these types events. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The use of both alcohol and drugs contribute to traumatic and non-traumatic illness and injury rates. [6][7][8][9] Other risk factors and hazards present at music festivals include prolonged stimulation and wakefulness, as well as environmental factors (eg, heat, cold, and precipitation) and crowd-related factors (eg, highly mobile crowds and/or high crowd density).…”

Section: Introduction/backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Way Out: An Analysis of Patient Transfers from Four Large-Scale North American Music Festivals Over Two Years

Turris

Callaghan

Rabb

et al. 2018

Prehosp. Disaster med.

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IntroductionMusic festivals are globally attended events that bring together performers and fans for a defined period of time. These festivals often have on-site medical care to help reduce the impact on local health care systems. Historically, the literature suggests that patient transfers off-site are frequently related to complications of substance use. However, there is a gap in understanding why patients are transferred to hospital when an on-site medical team, capable of providing first aid services blended with a higher level of care (HLC) team, is present.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to better understand patterns of injuries and illnesses that necessitate transfer when physician-led HLC teams are accessible on-site.MethodsThis is a prospective, descriptive case series analyzing patient encounter documentation from four large-scale, North American, multi-day music festivals.Results/DiscussionOn-site medical teams that included HLC team members were present for the duration of each festival, so every team was able to “treat and release” when clinically appropriate. Over the course of the combined 34 event days, there were 10,406 patient encounters resulting in 156 individuals being transferred off-site for assessment, diagnostic testing, and/or treatment. A minority of patients seen were transferred off-site (1.5%). The patient presentation rate (PPR) was 16.5/1,000. The ambulance transfer rate (ATR) was 0.12/1,000 attendees, whereas the total transfer-to-hospital rate (TTHR), when factoring in non-ambulance transport, was 0.25/1,000. In contrast to existing literature on transfers from music festivals, the most common reason for transfer off-site was for musculo-skeletal (MSK) injuries (53.8%) that required imaging.ConclusionThe presence of on-site HLC teams impacted the case mix of patients transferred to hospital, and may reduce the number of transfers for intoxication. Confounding preconceptions, patients in the present study were transferred largely for injuries that required specialized imaging and testing that could not be performed in an out-of-hospital setting. These results suggest that a better understanding of the specific effects on-site HLC teams have on avoiding off-site transfers will aid in improving planning for music festivals. The findings also identify areas for further improvement in on-site care, such as integrated on-site radiology, which could potentially further reduce the impact of music festivals on local health services. The role of non-emergency transport vehicles (NETVs) deserves further attention.TurrisSA, CallaghanCW, RabbH, MunnMB, LundA. On the way out: an analysis of patient transfers from four large-scale North American music festivals over two yearsPrehosp Disaster Med. 2019;34(1):72–81.

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“…15 Three studies used different methods to collect different variables to measure and/or identify crowd culture. For example, Milsten, et al 17 analyzed retrospective data from prehospital patient care reports to identify mosh-pit-related injuries at rock concerts, festivals, and electronic dance music events. 17 Hartman, et al used a scoring system that measured crowd intention as either "animated, intermediate, or calm," but did not outline the merits behind classification.…”

Section: Crowd Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Milsten, et al 17 analyzed retrospective data from prehospital patient care reports to identify mosh-pit-related injuries at rock concerts, festivals, and electronic dance music events. 17 Hartman, et al used a scoring system that measured crowd intention as either "animated, intermediate, or calm," but did not outline the merits behind classification. 18 Finally, Turris, et al listed classification examples of crowd behavior as: mood, activity levels, queuing, movement, behavior, predispositions, motivations, crowd movement, and flow.…”

Section: Crowd Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Influences on Patient Presentations: Considerations for Research and Evaluation at Mass-Gathering Events

Hutton

Ranse

Gray

et al. 2020

Prehosp. Disaster med.

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Aim:This review discusses the need for consistency in mass-gathering research and evaluation from a psychosocial perspective.Background:Mass gatherings occur frequently throughout the world. Having an understanding of the complexities of mass gatherings is important to determine required health resources. Factors within the environmental, psychosocial, and biomedical domains influence the usage of health services at mass gatherings. A standardized approach to data collection is important to identify a consistent reporting standard for the psychosocial domain.Method:This research used an integrative literature review design. Manuscripts were collected using keyword searches from databases and journal content pages from 2003 through 2018. Data were analyzed and categorized using the existing minimum data set as a framework.Results:In total, 31 manuscripts met the inclusion criteria. The main variables identified were use of alcohol or drugs, crowd behavior, crowd mood, rationale, and length of stay.Conclusion:Upon interrogating the literature, the authors have determined that the variables fall under the categories of alcohol or drugs; maladaptive and adaptive behaviors; crowd behavior, crowd culture, and crowd mood; reason for attending event (motivation); duration; and crowd demographics. In collecting psychosocial data from mass gatherings, an agreed-upon set of variables that can be used to collect de-identified psychosocial variables for the purpose of making comparisons across societies for mass-gathering events (MGEs) would be invaluable to researchers and event clinicians.

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Retrospective Analysis of Mosh-Pit-Related Injuries

Cited by 14 publications

References 16 publications

Mass Gatherings, Health, and Well‐Being: From Risk Mitigation to Health Promotion

Mass Gatherings, Health, and Well‐Being: From Risk Mitigation to Health Promotion

On the Way Out: An Analysis of Patient Transfers from Four Large-Scale North American Music Festivals Over Two Years

Psychosocial Influences on Patient Presentations: Considerations for Research and Evaluation at Mass-Gathering Events

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