Retrospective Analysis of Leptospirosis Morbidity In Ivano-Frankivsk Region (Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics)

Abstract

The aim: To perform a retrospective analysis of leptospirosis morbidity in Ivano-Frankivsk region, to give the etiological characteristics of leptospirosis according to clinicallaboratory parameters, to determine the peculiarities of the course, prognostic features. Materials and methods: Data of the State Enterprise “Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Laboratory Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”, reports and abstracts of medical records of the Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital for 2009-2018 were used. Clinical observation of patients, analysis of general-clinical, biochemical, and serological indices were carried out. Results: The leptospirosis morbidity in Ivano-Frankivsk region during 2009-2018 was higher than in general in Ukraine. Activation of foci of leptospirosis L. pomona and grippotyphosa in 2009-2013, decrease of L. grippotyphosa and increase of L. pomona foci and “new” L. autumnalis, australis, bataviae, cynopteri in 2014-2018 were noted. The emergence of leptospirosis L. autumnalis, which had a high virulence and caused a severe course, was noted. Conclusions: The leptospirosis morbidity in the Ivano-Frankivsk region over the past 10 years has exceeded the incidence in Ukraine and varied within 0.62-2.2 per 100,000. During the last 5 years, the serological structure has changed: L. pomona (27.7%) prevailed, L. grippotyphosa decreased (2.1%), L. bataviae and cynopteri, autumnalis increased (by 8.5%). Seasonality is shifted in the autumn-winter period (November-February) (L. grippotyphosa, australis, pomona, canicola). According to forecasts, leptospirosis induced by L. autumnalis was most adverse. Leptospiroses of serogroups L. australis, bataviae, cynopteri had a mild course, there were fewer complications.

A Single Clinical Case of Leptospirosis in a 70-Year-Old Man During the Military Conflict in Ukraine

“…In countries with temperate continental climates such as Ukraine, the incidence of leptospirosis is significantly lower, with cases predominantly associated with specific professional activities (Pryshliak et al, 2020 ; Ukhovskyi et al, 2018 ). These professions include but are not limited to plumbers, fishermen, miners, and professional athletes (Goarant, 2016 ; PHE, 2018; Walker, 2018 ).…”